Economic Impacts of Aquatic Invasive Species

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Economic Impacts of Aquatic Invasive Species

• Oconto County presentation
• Dale Mohr CNRED
• UW-Extension
• Originally Presented by Chad Cook Basin Educator
• August 22nd 2006

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What are Invasive Species?

• Definition Non-native plants and animals that
  may cause economic, environmental, or
  recreational harm or affect human health.
• Invasive because
• No natural predators, parasites, etc.
• Often aggressive, prolific, and mature early

(See Handouts and posters)
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Plants
Eurasian Water-Milfoil
Common Reed
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Invertebrates
Spiny Fishhook Waterfleas
Zebra Mussels
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Vertebrates
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Others

• Quagga Mussels
• Common Carp
• Rainbow Smelt
• Threespine Stickleback
• Reed Canary Grass
• Curly-Leaf Pondweed
• Flowering Rush
• Cylindro
• And More

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Future Threats?

• Asian Carp
• Snakehead
• Three-spine stickleback
• New Zealand mud snail
• Numerous Plants
• Hydrilla
• Water chestnut
• Water hyacynth
• Water lettuce

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AIS Economic Impacts In U.S.

• Ecological damage control costs 9 billion
  annually (Pimentel, 2003)
• Fish - 5.4 billion
• Zebra/Quagga Mussels - 1 billion
• Plants - 500 million

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Zebra Mussels

• Damage control costs
• 1 billion annually (Pimentel et al., 2005)
• 5 billion annually (Lovell and Stone, 2005)
• Municipal and industrial water intake costs
• Small 20,000 annually
• Large 350,000 - 400,000 annually (Ruetter)
• Power plant costs (USGS)
• Hydropower 83,000 annually
• Fossil fuel 145,000 annually
• Nuclear 822,000 annually

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Sea Lamprey

• Chemical Control - 13 million annually in Great
  Lakes
• Release of sterile males
• Barrier construction
• Lake trout stocking program
• Losses of other Lake Michigan sport and
  commercial fishes
• 26 million/yr

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Ruffe

• Losses to native fishery 500,000 annually
  (Lovell and Stone, 2005)

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Eurasian Water-Milfoil Curly-Leaf Pondweed

• 400 - 600/ac to treat EWM/CLP in WI
• 1.1 million spent for chemical treatment on
  2,300 ac in 2003 in WI (DNR)

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Purple Loosestrife

• Spreading at 285,000 ac/yr
• Losses and control 45 million annually in U.S.
  (Pimentel et al., 2005)

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Secondary Impacts Difficult to measure

• Nuisance Control
• Property Values
• Tourism
• Fisheries
• Health

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Nuisance Algae

• 4 million annually at each power plant on Lake
  Michigan on nuisance algae control (pers. comm.
  WE Energies)

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Property Value Impacts

• High potential from nuisance conditions created
  by AIS
• Many costs born by riparians
• Demand for lake front property remains strong

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Property Value Impacts

• Correlation between property value and water
  quality - clarity (Krysel et al., 2003)
• Residential property value quantified as being at
  risk at approximately 10 due to EWM infestation
  (Deamud et al., 2004)
• Infestation by hydrilla reduced property value by
  at least 10 (TVA, 1994 in Bell Bonn, 2004)
• Willingness to pay
• Complete control raised property values 17 35
• No apparent impact of AIS on real estate market
  in Door County or Shawano Lake area (personal
  communication)
• Major effect is putting up with nuisance
  conditions
• Studies to be conducted in Vilas County and
  Waupaca Chain OLakes in 2006

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Tourism Impacts

• Proliferation of EWM/CLP
• Cladophora on beaches

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Tourism Impacts

• Value of day at the beach in Chicago estimated at
  35/person (Shaikh, 2005)

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Fishery Impacts

• Lake Michigan fishery is comprised of many exotic
  species

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Fishery Impacts

• Zebra mussels are changing the Lake Michigan food
  chain
• Potential to impact WIs 120 million salmon and
  trout fishery

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Uses of AIS Economic Data

• Actual
• Costs to control AIS
• Water intake costs to control ZM
• Riparians costs to control EWM
• Cost data for impacts other than control are
  sparse
• Fear-Based
• Drives many AIS management decisions
• Riparians fear reduction in property value
• Local govts concerned about potential for
  reduced property tax revenue
• Fears can be real

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Summary

• AIS cost estimates often vary widely, either due
  to actual differences in AIS impacts, or because
  of inconsistent estimation methodology
• Many impacts have not been estimated or are
  difficult to economically assess
• Economic fear drives many AIS management
  decisions
• AIS cost estimates need to consider valuations
  other than just control costs e.g., human
  health values, use values, existence values, or
  valuations of ecosystem services

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AIS Management Messages

• Wisconsins Comprehensive AIS Management Plan
• Prevent new introductions
• Collaborate with user groups representing
  potential transport vectors
• Limit the spread of established populations
• Public awareness
• Monitoring
• Abate the harmful impacts from AIS
• Develop control strategies

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Effective AIS Management/Control Programs

• Clean Boats, Clean Waters
• Contact Laura Felda, UWEX/DNR
• AIS Grants
• Contact DNR regional lakes/AIS grant coordinator
• Purple loosestrife bio-control
• Contact Brock Woods, DNR
• Citizen Monitoring Network
• Contact Laura Herman, UWEX
• Fish hatchery/bait collector HACCP plans
• Contact Phil Moy, Sea Grant
• Sea lamprey control

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Resources Available

• AIS Handbook for Education Efforts
• http//www.uwex.edu/erc/AquaInvHandbook.html
• Clean Boats, Clean Waters
• Volunteer watercraft inspection program
• http//www.uwsp.edu/cnr/uwexlakes/CBCW/default.asp
  
• AIS Grants
• http//www.uwsp.edu/cnr/uwexlakes/grants/AIS_long.
  pdf
• Citizen Lake Monitoring Network
• http//dnr.wi.gov/org/water/fhp/lakes/selfhelp/
• Protect Your Waters
• National partnership representing water
  recreation users
• http//www.protectyourwaters.org

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Resources Available

• Habitattitude
• National partnership representing pet and aquatic
  plant industry
• http//www.habitattitude.net/
• See Chella Chow
• Purple loosestrife biological control manual for
  educators
• http//dnr.wi.gov/org/es/science/publications/ss98
  1_2003.htmdocument
• Wisconsin Wild Cards Activity Guide
• http//dnr.wi.gov/org/caer/ce/eek/teacher/wildcard
  guide.htm
• Environmental Education for Kids (EEK!)
• Alien Invaders
• http//dnr.wi.gov/org/caer/ce/eek/earth/aliens.htm
  
• Aquatic Invasive Species An Educators
  Information and Materials Guide
• Sea Grant
• http//www.uwex.edu/erc/pdf/AI/AISEducatorGuide.pd
  f

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References

• Bell, F., and Bonn, M., 2004. Economic Sectors at
  Risk from Invasive Aquatic Weeds at Lake
  Istokpoga, Florida. Florida Department of
  Environmental Protection. Online at
  http//www.dep.state.fl.us/lands/invaspec/2ndlevpg
  s/pdfs/Istokpoga20Economic20Report2012-25-04.pd
  f
• Deamud, J., Henderson, J., Lennon, M., Mongin,
  M., and Pastula, D., 2004. Economic Impact Survey
  of Eurasian Watermilfoil Removal from Houghton
  Lake. Houghton Lake Improvement Board.
• Krysel, C., Boyer, E., Parson, C., and Welle, P.,
  2003. Lakeshore Property Values and Water
  Quality Evidence from Property Sales in the
  Mississippi Headwaters Region. Mississippi
  Headwaters Board and Bemidji State University.
  Online at http//info.bemidjistate.edu/news/curren
  tnews/lakestudy
• Lovell, S. J. and Stone, S. F. 2005. The Economic
  Impacts of Aquatic Invasive Species A Review of
  the Literature. National Center for Environmental
  Economics U.S. EPA, Working Paper 05-02.
  Accessed January 14, 2005, online at
  http//yosemite.epa.gov/EE/epa/eed.nsf/WPNumberNew
  /2005-02?OpenDocument.
• Pimentel, D., Zuniga, R., Morrison, D. 2005.
  Update on the environmental and economic costs
  associated with alien-invasive species in the
  United States. Ecological Economics
  52(3)273-288. In Press DRAFT Accessed September
  26, 2005 online at http//ipm.ifas.ufl.edu/applyin
  g/invasive-species/EconomicCosts_invasives.pdf.

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References

• Pimentel, D., 2003. Economic and Ecological Costs
  Associated with Aquatic Invasive Species, Cornell
  University. Proceedings of the Aquatic Invaders
  of the Delaware Estuary Symposium, Malvern,
  Pennsylvania, May 20, 2003, pp. 3-5. Accessed May
  13, 2005 online at http//sgnis.org/publicat/proce
  ed/aide/pime2003.htm.
• Shaikh, S., 2005. The Economic Value of Chicago
  Beaches. Presented at Lake Michigan State of the
  Lake Great Lakes Beach Association Joint
  Conference, November 2-3, 2005.
• Personal communication
• John Babinec, WE Energies
• Lori Flick, Door Real Estate
• Terry Hilgenberg, Hilgenberg Coldwell-Banker
  Realtors
• Phil Moy, Sea Grant
• Paul Peeters, DNR
• Websites
• Habitattitude. Accessed on December 5, 2005, at
  http//www.habitattitude.net/impacts/increase_cost
  .php.
• Stop Aquatic Hitchikers. Accessed on December 7,
  2005, at http//www.protectyourwaters.net/impacts.
  php.
• The Economic Impacts of Aquatic Invasive
  SpeciesA Review of the Literature, at
• http//yosemite.epa.gov/EE/epa/eed.nsf/WPNumb
  erNew/2005-02?OpenDocument

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Thank You!
New Exotic Found in Wisconsin July 2nd 2006
Originally introduced by Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources (WDNR) to control the Deer
population and spread of CWD.