Internal Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Internal Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa

• Wesley Fan
• Reece Morgan
• Katheryn Shi
• Nicholas Van Bemmelen

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Map of Conflicts
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Central African Republic

• 1996-present
• Cause general civil unrest and poor government
  management
• 3 army mutinies since 1996, economic crisis
  causes public dissatisfaction and violent protest
• Methods mutiny, violence, protesting, marching
  demonstration at Bangui
• Goals better government

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Sierra Leone

• 1990-2002
• Cause attempted overthrow of governments by
  Revolutionary United Front (RUF)
• Most of RUF consists of kidnapped children
• Civil war in Liberia helped start actual fighting
• Methods protest, fighting and massacres
• Goals maintain control of diamond fields

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Map of Conflicts
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Ivory Coast

• 1999-present
• Cause many changes in government and unfair
  elections that created unrest among supporters of
  different political parties
• Many presidential candidates held unfair
  elections, barring other candidates from running
  or claiming poll fraud when they did not win
• Methods coups and fighting
• Goals a fair presidential process

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Sudan

• 1983-2005 Second Civil War - extension of first
• Cause President Gaafar Nimeiri's decision to
  break the Addis Ababa Agreement by imposing
  Sharia instead of a democracy
• Fighting between Sudan People's Liberation Army
  (SPLA) and the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP)
• Methods war
• Goals abolish Islamic Law

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Sudan Continued

• 2005 Darfur Conflict
• Cause ethical conflicts in the region between
  Sudanese Arabs and blacks
• Started in western Sudan
• Sudanese government is aiding the Janjaweed -
  denies
• Multiple organizations rebelling against the
  Janjaweed, some have signed peace treaties,
  others continue to fight
• Methods war crimes, rebellion attacks,
  unofficial genocide
• Goals better quality of life for rebels

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Map of Conflicts
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Angola

• 1992-present
• Cause UNITA charges that the MPLA party had
  committed electoral fraud
• Methods sanctions by UN, fighting
• Goal peace among the warring political parties
  of Angola

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Senegal

• 1982-2004
• Cause disrespect for cultural norms, poor
  economy, unemployment, land rights
• Independence rebellion (MFDC) against central
  government in Dakar
• Methods mines, massacres, torture
• Goals independence from central government in
  Dakar

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Map of Conflicts
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Burundi

• 1970-1974
• Cause differences among the Hutu and Tutsi
  tribes
• Hutus launched a rebellion against the Tutsi
  minoritys domination of Burundi in 1972 -
  unsuccessful
• Methods war and violence, massacre
• Goals find peace among the tribes

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Rwanda

• 1990-1994
• Cause Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) invades in
  attempt to overthrow Hutuled Rwandan government,
  peace until downing of presidential plane causes
  ethnic violence leading to massacre
• Methods war and massacre, genocide
• Goal to create a new coalition government