Industrialization to Imperialism

1
Industrialization to Imperialism
2
Impact of Railroads

• They moved settlers West to farm and transported
  goods (food, resources) east to the major cities
• The rise of the railroad led to the rise of the
  steel, coal, and cattle industries
• Chinese Labor- the main labor force used to build
  the transcontinental railroad

3
Transcontinental Railroad

• Transcontinental Railroad- The first coast to
  coast railroad was built in 1869 and met in
  Promontory Point, Utah.
• Competition- The Union Pacific Railroad company
  built track from East to West. While the Central
  Pacific built track East from California through
  the Rocky Mountains.
• Additional Lines- By the end of the 1800s five
  transcontinental lines were built connecting the
  East and West coasts of America (MANIFEST DESTINY
  COMPLETED)

4
Chinese Exclusion Act 1882

• Passed in response to the large number of Chinese
  working in the West for low wages (railroad,
  factories), it banned the immigration of any new
  Chinese to the country for 10 years

5
Rise of Big Business

• The growth of Big Business occurs after the Civil
  War
• They used wealth to dominate American culture and
  political life to make them richer
• Their dominance will to reforms during the
  Progressive Era

6
Monopolies and Trusts

• Monopoly- when a company has exclusive control of
  a market and can manipulate the price of goods
• Trust- a business that is formed specifically to
  monopolize a market, the control all the business
  selling the product

7
John D. Rockefeller

• Founder of Standard Oil he created the largest
  trust in America by controlling the Oil industry
• One of the key figures of the Industrial
  Revolution

8
Thomas Edison

• The wizard of Menlo Park he will invent three
  life changing items
• Light Bulb- now businesses, factories and homes
  could be located anywhere there was electricity
• Motion Picture Camera- led to the development of
  the Film Industry
• Phonograph- recorded sound will lead to the
  development of the radio and IPod

9
Immigration

• During the late 1800s the majority of immigrants
  come from Eastern and Southern Europe
• Ellis Island- the major east coast immigrant
  reception center
• These immigrants were likely to be poor, settle
  in cities, worked factory jobs, and created their
  own ethic neighborhoods

10
Native Americans and Westward Migration

• Native Americans were forced off their lands by
  Americans settling in the West
• Sitting Bull- Leader of the Sioux, defeated
  Custer at Little Big Horn
• Wounded Knee- the final battle of the wars with
  Native Americans, the U.S. massacres over 300
  men, women and children

11
American Federation of Labor and Samuel Gompers

• Samuel Gompers- founder of the AFL it becomes the
  first union and fights for workers rights using
  strikes
• AFL goals- 40 hour work week, better working
  conditions, vacations and higher wages

12
Pullman Strike

• Pullman Strike- lays off 3,000 workers, cuts
  wages but keeps the rent at the same rate.
• Fired- Pullman fires the head of the workers
  unions. Federal troops break the strike.
• Results- almost all workers fired and blacklisted
  by the Pullman company.
• Union Leaders- see that conventional means cant
  work and turn to more radical, violent ideas to
  gain Union rights

13
Progressive Era

• A reform movement to improve the social and
  political aspects of America
• Belief that laws can improve the lives of
  Americans
• Goals- government regulation of businesses,
  protect workers and consumers, conserve natural
  resources

14
Muckrakers

• Upton Sinclair- wrote The Jungle, exposing the
  problems with the Meat Packing Industry
• This led to the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food
  and Drug Act to regulate foods and meat in the
  United States
• Ida Tarbell- wrote a story on Standard Oil,
  helping to break up the trust

15
Women in the Progressive Movement

• Women sponsored laws to end child labor
• Pushed for the prohibition of alcohol
• Women wanted government inspections and rules for
  work places

16
Progressive Era Political Reforms

• Recall- Remove corrupt or unsatisfactory
  politician by majority vote
• Direct Election of Senators- For the first time
  in American history, citizens were given the
  ability to vote for the Senator

• Initiative- can force a public vote on a law or
  issue
• Referendum- the government must present the
  initiative to the public to vote

17
Jane Addams

• Founder of Hull House, a settlement house that
  helped immigrants.
• Hull House was designed to acclimate immigrants
  to life in the United States.
• Hull House provided health care and services to
  the poor

18
Conservation Movement

• President Roosevelt- led this movement, secured
  over 150 million acres of land to be preserved
• Yellowstone National Park- 1st ever National Park
  in the United States

19
Plessy v. Ferguson

• 1896 ruling by the Supreme Court that upheld Jim
  Crow laws and established the idea of Separate
  but Equal
• This court case made segregation legal in the
  United States

20
Jim Crow Laws

• Laws designed to separate blacks and whites which
  were degrading to African Americans.

21
Booker T. Washington

• Founder of Tuskegee University, believed that
  racism would end once blacks acquired useful
  labor skills and proved their value to society.

22
W.E.B. DuBois

• believed that blacks needed immediate equality
  with White America, blacks needed liberal arts
  education in order to have a well educated class
  of leaders to deal with White America
• Founder of the NAACP

23
NAACP

• Founded to fight Jim Crow Laws in the South by
  DuBois
• Its original goal was to gain full social and
  economic equality for African-Americans with
  White America

24
American Imperialism

• Americans argued over the decision to acquire
  colonies around the world
• The United States begins to flex its muscles in
  world affairs, especially in Central and South
  America

25
Spanish-American War

• The conflict that allowed the United States to
  gain control of Puerto Rico, Philippines and Guam
• This war was a direct result of Americans wanting
  to become an Imperialistic Power

26
Roosevelt Corollary

• President Roosevelt announced to the world that
  the United States had the right to intervene in
  Latin American countries in economic crisis, to
  insure European countries could be repaid their
  debt

27
Panama Canal

• Roosevelt helps the Panamanians rebel against
  Columbia in exchange the US gets to build the
  canal.
• The canal connects the Pacific and Atlantic
  Oceans cutting the travel time by ships
  dramatically (see map)