First Aid Awareness

1
First Aid Awareness
Wilton Little League
2
Personal Protection

• For you and the patient
• Gloves
• Barrier devices

3
Cold Packs

• Different types
• Chemical reaction
• Plain old ice
• Towel or pad between pack and skin
• On and off

4
Sprains

• Ligaments torn
• Swelling
• Dislocation
• Pain on movement
• Difficult to tell difference from fractures or
  dislocation
• Cold pack or ice
• Keep person at rest
• Avoid movement of injured extremity
• Keep shoe on

5
Strains

• Muscle over-stretched
• Pain
• Ice

6
Dislocation

• Dislocation one end of the bone is pulled or
  pushed out of the joint
• Deformity
• Constant pain increased pain on movement
• Frozen joint
• Swelling
• Loss of function or distal pulse
• Cold pack or ice
• Stabilize
• Do not try to pop back in

7
Fractures

• Fracture is the breaking of the bone
• Open fracture
• Control bleeding
• Keep clean
• Do not push in
• No pressure. Loose bandage
• Stabilize
• Ice
• Closed fracture
• Stabilize
• Ice

8
Head Injuries

• Skull fracture
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Black eyes (raccoon eyes)
• Bleeding from ears or nose
• Ringing in the ears
• Confusion (concussion)
• Any doubt EMS or advise parents to seek medical
  help
• Control bleeding NO PRESSURE

9
Eye Injuries

• Redness
• Watery
• Dirt in eyes
• Wash it out from bridge of nose out
• Do not rub
• Impaled object
• DO NOT REMOVE
• Cover good eye
• Place cup over impaled object to prevent movement

10
Nose Mouth Injuries

• Nose injuries
• Swelling
• Discolored
• Lean patient forward
• Pinch nose closed should stop 10 minutes
• Ice
• Mouth Injuries
• Teeth save them, get to surgeon within hour could
  save tooth
• Hold tooth by enamel not root transport in milk
  or water
• Rinse out
• If conscience bite on gauze to control bleeding

11
Spinal Injuries

• May or may not be pain
• May or may not be able to move
• Tender along spine
• DO NOT MOVE PATIENT
• DO NOT REMOVE HELMET
• ALL BETS OFF IF PATIENT NOT BREATHING

12
BLEEDING

• Internal
• Bruise
• Swelling
• Black blue
• Cold pack or ice
• Arterial
• Bright red
• Spurting
• Venous
• Dark red
• Oozing slowly
• Bandage
• Direct pressure
• Elevate
• ice

13
Heat cramps

• Sweating heavily
• Drinking large quantities of water
• Loss of salts water
• Cool down (get out of the sun)
• Wet towels

14
Heat Exhaustion

• Sweating
• Muscle cramps
• Weak
• Cool down (get out of sun)
• Wet towel back of neck, underarms
• Fluids

15
Heat Stroke

• Very Serious True emergency
• Doesnt sweat
• Dry skin may be red
• Hot to the touch
• Cool down (get out of the sun)
• Wet towels
• Medical help

16
Allergic Reactions

• Itchy
• Watery eyes
• Hives
• Red skin
• Swelling
• Tightness in chest and throat
• Breathing problems
• Inhalers or epinephrine pens (epie pens)
• Know who on the teams needs or uses these and
  that they know what to do or someone always there
  who does

17
Diabetic Emergency

• Diabetic Coma inadequate supply of insulin
  long onset probably wont witness
• Insulin shock too much insulin in system
• Comes on sudden
• May pass out
• Confused
• headache
• If conscious give OJ , water and sugar get sugar
  level up

18
Seizures

• Epilepsy
• Stares into space
• Uncontrollable shaking
• Person may know of onset
• DO NOT hold down just protect patient

19
Choking

• Unable to cough, speak or breathe
• If they can pass air or cough leave them alone
• If not lean forward give 5 back blows and 5
  abdominal thrusts
• If goes unconscious call EMS then 30 chest
  compressions look for object remove if found
  followed by 2 rescue breaths if they dont go in
  give 30 chest compressions

20
Heart Attack

• Chest pain
• Uncomfortable
• Pressure in chest
• Pain in arms, jaw
• Last more than a few minutes
• Sweating
• Nausea
• Shortness
• Denial
• EMS

21
CPR

• Check for response
• Open airway head tilt chin lift
• Check for breathing 10 seconds
• No breathing CALL 911
• Start CPR 30 compressions 2 breathes rate of
  about 5 sets in 2 minutes

22
Rescue breathing

• Tilt head chin lift
• Check for breathing
• 2 rescue breathes
• Check for pulse
• Pulse good no breathing breathe for patient 1
  breath every 3 seconds

23
Stroke

• Sudden body weakness or numbness usually one side
• Sudden facial drooping
• Trouble speaking
• Trouble with eyes
• Sudden severe headaches
• Dizziness, loss of balance
• F.A.S.T. recognition of stroke
• Face ask them to smile
• Arm weak numb and unable to raise them evenly
• Speech slurred cant make simple sentence
• Time call 911 in any signs present. Drugs can
  help the stroke victim if early medical help