About RCREEE

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Presentation Content

• About RCREEE
• Energy Statistical Profile of the Region
• REEE Arabian Plans and Initiatives
• Barriers To Renewable Energy Deployment In the
  Member Countries
• Oriented Recommendation to face existing
  Challenges

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Whos RCREEE?
About RCREEE..

• RCREEE stands for Regional Centre for Renewable
  Energies and Energy Efficiency
• RCREEE is an independent regional policy think
  tank, dedicated to the promotion of REEE in the
  MENA region,
• RCREEE main fields of work
• - Policy Framework
• - Research and Development
• - Public Private Partnership
• - Capacity Building
• RCREEE is working to be a leading centre of
  excellence on the international level

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About RCREEE..
RCREEE Member States
RCREEE has ten founding members from the MENA
region. The set up is sponsored by Egypt (also
the host country), Germany, the EU and Denmark.
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About RCREEE..
Governance Structure
Board of Trustees (BoT)
Advisory Membres

Representatives of 10 Member States
Development partners (no voting rights)
Emminent persons (no voting rights)
Executive Committee 5 representatives
(Maghreb/Mashreq/host country plus two from the
private sector)
Secretariat Director Two Deputies, composition
to reflect the regional character of the centre
(Maghreb/Mashreq/host country) and the required
expertise (RE/EE, RD, PPP)
10 Correspondents (One for each Member State)
Staff
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• Energy Statistical Profile
• of the Arab Region
• Efficiency
• - RE Potentials

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Energy Statistical Profile
Hydrocarbon Reserves and Production
Key parameters for hydrocarbon reserves and
production in oil producers countries among
RCREEE member states
Source BP and EIA
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Energy Statistical Profile
Energy Independency
Energy Independency is the percentage of energy
imported compared to the total energy
supply (Domestic demand Domestic supply) /
Domestic demand100 net imports/ Domestic
demand100 Energy Independency in some of
RCREEE countries in 2008
Source Plan Blue Project
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Energy Statistical ProfileEfficiency
Energy Efficiency
Energy Intensity
Energy per Capita
Source Energy Information Administration
International Energy Statistics Database
Energy use (toe) per capita in comparator groups
Energy intensities from other regions (kgoe/GDP
(US) at market prices in 2005 )
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Energy Statistical ProfileEfficiency
Electricity Efficiency
Electricity intensity in RECREEE and other
regions (kWh/1990)
Source Energy Information Administration
International Energy Statistics Database and UN
Statistical Division Main Aggregates Data Base
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Energy Statistical ProfileEfficiency
Why Efficiency..?

• The results of the analysis show that the levels
  of energy use in RCREEE countries are generally
  higher compared to GDP than in other regions.
• High energy intensities will make industry in
  RCREEE countries uncompetitive and will expose
  the countries to potential oil price shocks and
  to large import bills for energy in some
  countries.
• There is a clear case for adopting enhanced
  policies for energy efficiency.

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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
RE Opportunities

• The Arab Region is endowed with
• Abundant solar radiation.
• Long duration of sunshine.
• Good to excellent wind speed.
• Significant hydro power.
• Reasonable quantities of biomass energy.
• However, RE is still facing many barriers and
  constraints vis-à-vis large scale deployment in
  the region.
• Thus, the objectives of this paper is to capture
  promising opportunities, to point out the
  prevailing challenges and to show the trends of
  RE sector.

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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Solar Energy

• The capacity of solar energy resources is
  excellent in all member Countries with an annual
  global solar radiation varying between 4 to 8
  kWh/m2.
• The region also enjoys high direct normal
  radiation and low average cloud cover.
• Electricity production from both Concentrating
  Solar Thermal Power (CSP) and Photovoltaic (PV)
  has a good potential, due to the fact that the
  incident solar radiation on the region is higher
  than the required value of (1800 kWh/m2/year).

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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Solar Energy Map
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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Solar Energy for Thermal Power Plants
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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Direct normal and global horizontal irradiant
Direct normal irradiance kWh/m2/y (for CSP) Global horizontal irradiance kWh/m2/y (for PV) Country
2,700 2,310 Jordan
2,000 1,920 Lebanon
2,200 2,360 Syria
2,200 2,250 Yemen
2,700 1,970 Algeria
2,800 2,450 Egypt
2,700 1,940 Libya
2,600 2,000 Morocco
2,400 1,980 Tunisia
2,100 2,200 Palestine
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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Wind Energy

• MENA Countries have good potential of wind energy
  since most have an annual full load hours of over
  1400 h/year, which is considered a long-term
  economic potential.
• Several countries such as Egypt and Morocco have
  a very good wind resources (wind velocity range
  between 8-11 m/sec)

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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Wind Energy Map
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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Potential of wind energy
Country Full load hours per year (h/y) Capacity Factor ()
Algeria 1,789 20
Bahrain 1,360 16
Egypt 3,015 34
Iraq 1,789 20
Jordan 1,483 17
Kuwait 1,605 18
Lebanon 1,176 13
Libya 1,912 22
Morocco 2,708 31
Oman 2,463 28
Qatar 1,421 16
Saudi Arabia 1,789 20
Syria 1,789 20
Tunisia 1,789 20
UAE 1,176 13
Yemen 1,483 17
Source Al-Karaghouli A."Current Status of
Renewable Energies in the Middle East North
African Region", UNEP/ROWA, June 2007. Capacity
factor refers to the percentage of average annual
full load hours to total annual number of hours
(8760 h/y).
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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Potential of wind energy
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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Biomass Energy

• Traditionally used widely in rural areas for
  small purposes.
• MENA Region is arid/semi-arid in nature, thus
  small amount of forest and agriculture residues
  are available
• The biomass energy potential is mainly available
  for most Countries from municipal waste.

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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Hydro Energy

• Several countries in the region particularly,
  Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Tunisia, Morocco and
  Algeria have hydro resource.
• The overall Share of hydro electricity is only
  5.78 of the total electricity produced. This
  portion is very small compared to the available
  hydro potential in the Region.

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Energy Statistical ProfileRE Potentials
Economic potentials of renewable energies
for electricity generation
Economic potentials of renewable energies
for electricity generation in RCREEE member
states (TWh /a )
Source German Aerospace Center DLR (2005)
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EERE National Targets
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REEE National Targets
National Renewable Energy Targets
Targets Date of Achieving Country
10 (of P.E) 2020 Jordan
7 (of E.E) 2030 UAE
4 (of P.E) 2014 Tunisia
10 (of E.E) 2030 Algeria
1 (of E.E) 2011 Sudan
4.3 (of P.E) 2030 Syria
5 (of E.E) 2020 Kuwait
12 (of E.E) 2020 Lebanon
10 (of E.E) 25 (of E.E) 2020 2030 Libya
20 (of E.E) 2020 Egypt
42 (of E.E) 2020 Morocco
P.E Primary Energy E.E Electrical Energy
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REEE National Targets
National Energy Efficiency Targets
North Africa Countries Date of Achieving Middle East Countries
Algeria (2007-2011) 1 per year
Morocco (2020) (2030) 12 15
Tunisia (2011) 20
Egypt (2022) 8.3
Jordan (2020) 20
Yemen (2025) 15 in Power sector
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• REEE Arabian Plans and
• Initiatives
• Energy Efficiency Guideline
• - RE Strategy

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REEE Arabian Plans and Initiatives
Arab Renewable Energy Strategy

• LAS is preparing an Arabian Strategy for RE.
• REEE Experts Committee assigned to e the
  mission, RCREEE is a member in this committee
• The strategy includes five sections
• 1- Electricity in the Arab world
• 2- Arabian Strategic Targets to develop RE
• 3- Strategy activating procedures
• 4- Expected Results
• 5- Conclusion
• RCREEE is a member of the team responsible of
  preparing the second section and is a leader of
  the team responsible for preparing the fourth
  section

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REEE Arabian Plans and Initiatives
Arab End Use Electrical Energy Efficiency
Guideline

• Set a 10 year EE target
• Assign an existing or a new public entity to draw
  a 3 year National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
  (NEEAP)
• Public sector to lead by example (exemplary
  role),
• Utilities to provide services or contributing to
  a fund
• 3 years progress report to be submittal to League
  of Arab states showing the achieved savings
• RCREEE is a member of the team responsible of
  preparing the Arab EE guideline
• And will play the watch role for implementing and
  evaluating the NEEAPs

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Barriers To REEE Deployment - Policies and
Institutional Barriers - Economic
Barriers - SocialBarriers - Market and Financial
Barriers
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Barriers To REEE Deployment
Policies and Institutional Barriers

• The absence of an effective policies,
  legislations and regulations in some cases,
• Lack of favorable import for REEE products and
  components as well as conducive policies to
  promote REEE developments
• Limited scope for RD institutions to interface
  with international bodies and to share expertise
  already existing within the sector
• Private Sector is heavily constrained by
  regulations
• Regulatory measures are requested to stimulate
  market opportunities and needs support to
  introduce innovative methodologies, attractive
  schemes, investment capital, and flexible
  financial mechanisms

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Barriers To REEE Deployment
Economic Barriers

• Generally high subsidies on oil and gas
• Different level of taxation customs for REEE
  equipment
• Public sector REEE industry has no incentives to
  react to market demand
• No special incentives to promote REEE
  investment,
• Unavailability of financial mechanisms and
  instruments encouraging REEE manufacturing
• The high cost of capital, and lack of access to
  capital financial institutions.

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Barriers To REEE Deployment
Social Barriers

• Lack of Information about technologies
• Energy has been available cheaply - no need to
  explore other options
• Lack of mainstream marketing of REEE options
• Lack of priority for domestic RD programs
• Lack of training education at university and
  professional or vocational level
• Eroded consumer trust
• Domestic expertise are not sufficiently
  considered

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Barriers To REEE Deployment
Market and Financial Barriers

• Direct financial incentive for both users and
  investors in REEE do not existed
• Limited/No grants or attractive interest rate for
  loans allocated to the purchase of REEE systems
  and equipments.
• The lack of a specific line of financing, in
  particular for the urban SWH market, no guarantee
  fund for investors.
• Most REEE companies are small size with limited
  financial capacities.
• Low competitiveness due to fossil fuels prices,.
• No taxes reduction for REEE projects and
  importing.

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• Oriented Recommendation to face existing
  Challenges
• Benchmarking of policy
• - Policy-making
• - Policy support to large scale RE developments
• - A common policy for standards and labels

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Oriented Recommendation
Benchmarking of policy

• Benchmarking of policies will enhance the
  regional work towards promotion of renewable
  energy and energy efficiency sector in the Arab
  region.
• This will facilitate the future coordination to
  achieve the addressed targets and to deal with
  REEE issues as a region.
• Benchmarking should be done by
• Annual benchmarking within the RCREEE member
  states.
• Benchmarking against international experience.

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Oriented Recommendation
Policy-making

• Policy making is one of the main important factor
  for the deployment of REEE.
• This measure should take into consideration
• Structuring, compilation and processing of
  evidences
• Development of indicators
• Monitoring the development and the implementation
• Evaluation of the results
• Developing the policy-making if needed

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Oriented Recommendation
Policy support to large scale renewable
developments

• Large scale renewable energy projects need
  special support to be promoted and disseminated,
  this support will include
• Financial compensation mechanisms
• Industrial modernization
• Maximizing local content
• Fostering RD linkages

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Oriented Recommendation
A common policy for standards and labels

• Adopting a common policy for standards and
  labels even for home appliances or for building
  or any other sector is one of the major
  instruments for future coordination in REEE as a
  regional issue.
• Such goal to be implemented through
• Strengthening regulatory compliance
• Sharing assets (e.g. certification entities)
• Developing a common label in the long-term
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Thanks for your attention