PENULISAN NOVEL

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PENULISAN NOVEL

• Oleh ZULKIFLI KHAIR

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PENGENALAN (1)

• Novel berasal daripada kalimat Itali, novella
  bermaksud perkhabaran baru.
• Novel terawal dunia, The Tale of Genji (Genji
  Monogatari) oleh Munasaki Shikibu (1007). 54 bab.
  Ditulis untuk angkat pemikiran dan sentimen
  bangsa Jepun. Kisah cinta aristokrat, Hikaru
  Genji dengan latar istana.
• Novel Melayu pertama, Hikayat Setia Asyik Dengan
  Masyuknya atau Hikayat Faridah Hanum (19251926)
  oleh Syed Syeikh al-Hadi (1867-1934).

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PENGENALAN (2)

• Novel2 awal Melayu lain termasuk Hikayat Panglima
  Nikosa (1876) oleh Ahmad Shawal Abdul Hamid dan
  Kawan Benar (1927) oleh Ahmad Rashid Talu.
• Jenis2 novel picisan, popular dan serius. Contoh
  novelis popular Ahadiat Akasyah (Gigolo,
  Kompilasi Budak Momok dll), Liana Afiera Malik
  (1,2,3I love You! dll) dll.
• Falsafah Puitika Sastera Melayu, karya adalah
  untuk menghibur dan mendidik.

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PERBEZAAN NOVEL POPULAR SERIUS
Novel popular Novel serius
Ideologi tak penting. Ideologi (termasuk dalam lingkungan jauh) amat penting.
Lojik tak penting. Lojik amat penting.
Mimpi dan travelogue sering dikaitkan dengan karya popular. Surat dikaitkan dengan karya serius.
Perbezaannya amat genting. Cinta Hari-hari
Rusuhan terbitan Alaf 21 ialah novel serius
Pemburu Mimpi terbitan DBP ialah novel popular.
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LOJIK

• Menurut Arena Wati (DS, Disember 1993), lojik
  mesti ada dalam
• Plot.
• Watak (termasuk pertalian dengan watak lain,
  ekepresi gerak, mimik, dialog, monolog).
• Peristiwa.
• Lokasi.
• Watak.
• Contoh tidak lojik dalam karya
• 1982. Kapal terbang mendarat di KLIA.
• Dia berlari ke langit.

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IDEOLOGI

• Wacana.
• Wacana sejarah.
• Wacana agama. Seperti unsur perang budaya.
• Wacana politik.
• Intertekstualiti. Lihat 1515 dan 1511H Kombat
  oleh Faisal Tehrani.
• Realisme magis. Berasaskan mitos, gosip, legenda
  dan berita aneh.
• New journalism. Lihat Imam oleh Abdullah Hussain
  dan karya2 Zaharah Nawawi

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Tulislah cerpen dahulu sebelum menulis novel atau
skrip drama TV. Tiga li bermula daripada satu
langkah.
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PERSEDIAAN MENULIS NOVEL

• Menurut Dr. Mawar Shafei
• Sensitiviti (alam sekitar, isu semasa dan
  pembacaan luas).
• Kreativiti.
• Pengalaman.
• Keseriusan.
• Kerajinan yang luar biasa.
• Menurut Dr. Fatimah Busu (2003) Bakat
  semulajadi, sensitiviti yang kuat, pemerhatian
  yang tajam, daya imaginasi yang unggul dan daya
  keakalan yang tinggi.

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TIP MENULIS NOVEL

• Tujuan yang jelas.
• Tulis apa yang anda benar-benar minat.
• Plot dan watak yang jelas. Buat perbincangan.
• Banyak membaca.
• Siapkan dengan segera.

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Lagi tip

• 1.You Need An Outline
• Some people say they can just start writing and
  it all flows smoothly and evenly to become the
  perfect piece. If you can write your novel this
  way, I envy you. (And you probably don't need to
  read this article)But most people need to form
  their ideas in some kind of outline. It doesn't
  have to include every detail of your novel, just
  the framework. And you can always add and modify
  as you go along.
• 2. Point-of-View
• Decide what point of view you are going to use
  in a particular scene and stick with it. Don't
  jump back and forth, it's confusing. Use the
  "omniscent" viewpoint sparingly and have a
  limited number of POV characters. Never tell the
  POV of an insignificant character.
• 3. Dialogue
• Read the conversations aloud. Do people you know
  really talk that way?
• 4. Dramatic Concept
• Imagine you are writing the blurb for your
  novel. Can you sum it all up in just a few
  sentences? If not, you need a stronger dramatic
  concept.

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• 5. Tension Escalation
• A good story needs conflict but it is equally as
  important that your conflict escalate. You should
  gradually build up to that critical level.
• 6. Show- Don't Tell
• It's an old saying- but it's true. If a
  character is angry, don't just SAY she is mad.
  Put her in a situation that will make her mad and
  SHOW how she reacts.
• 7. Obvious Mistakes
• This is actually one of the most important. No
  matter how great your word processing program or
  how many times you proofread yourself, you can
  always overlook misspellings, grammatical errors
  and incorrect punctuation. You should have
  someone very qualified in English or a
  professional editor proofread your work. If you
  do not know someone personally, you can hire
  someone. It is well worth the price.
• Kredit http//www.essortment.com/all/novelwriting
  ti_rsim.htm

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NOVEL HARTA INTELEK YANG AKAN DITINGGALKAN

• Novelis mesti jelas akan tujuan menulis novel,
  bukan sekadar untuk berhibur atau memaparkan
  realiti.
• Novel mesti bertujuan
• Mendidik, tapi bukan secara didaktik atau
  berkhutbah.
• Menambah perbendaharaan kata dan maklumat budaya.
• Memupuk pemikiran, kemahiran dan budaya positif
  pemikiran inovatif, kemahiran insaniah budaya
  niaga, budaya RD dll.