Basic Theories

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Basic Theories

• A Fundamental Understanding

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Introduction

• Basic understanding essential when studying
  complex systems and components

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Topics of Discussion

• Atoms Elements
• Compounds Molecules
• Electrons, Protons and Neutrons
• Newtons Law of Motion
• Work Force
• Energy
• Inertia
• Momentum
• Friction
• Mass, Weight Volume
• Torque
• Power

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Atoms Elements

• Liquids, Solids, Gases made of Atoms
• Atoms can only be seen by an Electron Microscope
• Element is a substance made of only type of atom
• 100 Elements exist

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Compounds Molecules

• Compounds Contain more than two types of atoms
• Water H20
• Molecules Smallest particle of Compound
• Water 10 microns
• Gas 5 microns
• Micron one thousandth of a millimeter

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Electrons, Protons Neutrons

• Protons Pos. Charged
• Electrons Neg. Charged
• Neutrons No Charge
• Valence Ring

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Newtons Laws of Motion

• First Law
• A body in motion stays in motion
• A body at rest remains at rest.
• Second Law
• A bodys acceleration is directly proportional to
  the force applied to it
• A body moves in a straight line away from the
  force
• Third Law
• For every action there is an equal or opposite
  reaction

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Work Force

• Work Force moving mass a specific distance
• Force measured in pounds, distance measured in
  feet
• Thus, work is measured in foot-pounds (ft-lbs)
• Work is only accomplished when an object is
  started, stopped, or redirected by mechanical
  force

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Energy

• The ability to do work.
• Energy released to do work Kinetic Energy
  (energy in motion)
• Stored Energy Potential Energy
• Energy can be created, but not destroyed, it can
  change states
• Six Forms of Energy

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• Chemical Contained in molecules of different
  atoms (fuel)
• Electrical required to move electrons through a
  conductor (Charging System)
• Mechanical ability to move objects (Starting
  System)
• Thermal energy produced by heat (Combustion
  Stroke)
• Radiant light energy (Lighting Systems)
• Nuclear Splitting or combining of atoms

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Inertia

• Static Inertia Objects at rest
• Dynamic Inertia Objects in motion

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Momentum

• An objects weight times its speed
• A force overcomes static inertia, (movement)
  gaining momentum
• A force overcomes dynamic inertia, slowing
  momentum

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Friction

• Resistance to motion
• As one object moves over surface of another
  object, creates friction and heat
• Coefficient of Drag Total resistance to motion
  caused by friction between a moving object and air

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Mass, Weight Volume

• Mass measurement of an objects inertia
• Weight measurement of gravitational pull on an
  object
• Volume measurement of space occupied by an
  object

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Torque

• A force that does work with a twisting, or
  turning force
• Example 10lbs of force on a 2 ft. wrench to
  tighten a bolt equals 20ft-lbs

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Power

• Measurement of the rate or speed that work is
  performed
• Horsepower one horse moving 330 lbs 100ft in
  one minute equals 33,000 ft-lbs of work per
  minute
• 200 horsepower engine 6,600,000 ft-lbs

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Conclusion.