Review: AP World History Exam 1750-1914 Section

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Review AP World History Exam 1750-1914 Section
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Periodization

• Revolutions
• Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution
• Industrialization
• Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution
• Imperialism
• Continuities and Breaks
• Need for raw materials (exploitations)
• Coerced labor
• Europe Dominating

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Changes is Global Commerce, Communication and
Technology

• PPMMMR Charts
• Small local industries destroyed by imported
  manufactured goods (ex. India)
• China and Japan forced open to trade
• Truly global trade, world linked but dependent
• Spreads from West to non-west (some
  specialization that will lead to
  industrialization like in Canada, Uruguay, South
  Africa) (profit returns to industrial nations)
• Mohammed Ali but not George Forman or Mike Tyson
• International division of labor

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Relation between Science and Industry

• Cotton Flow Chart
• Steam Engine leads to lower prices
• Spinning jenny and flying shuttle lead to textile
  factories

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Commonalities

• Industrialization begins with textiles
• Need for Steam and Iron
• Railroads and Canals needed (specifically the
  Suez Canal)

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Demographic and Environmental Changes

• Imperialistic Settlers
• Jews out of Europe
• Indentured Servants to America, Ceylon, Malaya

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Slave Trade

• Industrialization hinders the end of Slavery
• Atlantic Slave trade ends
• Denmark 1792
• US 1807 (continue shipping but not to US)
• Britain 1808
• Brazil 1830 (smuggles until 1850)

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Demographic Changes

• Demographic Transition Shifting patterns
• Mortality rate falls faster than birth rate so
  there is a population increase
• Demographic stability is achieved when birth rate
  also slows
• Voluntary birth control
• No major outbreaks of disease
• By 1900 75 of population live in cities

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• Agricultural Revolution New crops like peanuts
  (China and Africa) increase population
• Cash crops cause famine

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Social and Gender Structure

• Urbanization
• Commercial Developments Monopoly, Cartel, and
  Trust
• Abolition women and free blacks are the force
  behind abolition. Reasons for ending slavery
  were humanitarian and economic. William
  Wilberforce, Frederick Douglass
• Brazil liberals want to end slavery on
  Enlightened ideals. Slavery ends for economic
  and democratic reasons.
• Carribbean Islands have small slave population,
  so its ending is not violent socially

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Political Revolutions and Independence Movements

• American Revolution
• Causes beneficial neglect..
• Documents Articles of Confederation.
• Effects women rights
• French
• Causes social inequality.
• Documents Declaration of Rights of Man.
• Effects Napoleon..

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• Haiti
• Causes homeland rule..
• Documents Enlightened writters
• Results successful slave revolt
• Latin America
• Causes Mercantilism..
• Documents Constitution of Cortez.
• Results few.

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Things to think about

• Phases of Revolution
• Leaders
• Outside forces
• Long-term effects
• Who benefits
• Popular Sovereignty

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Early 20th Century Revolutions

• Mexico
• Causes neo-colonialism
• Stages moderate, radical and counter-revolutionar
  y
• Outcomes Constitution of 1917..
• China
• Causes imperialism and Nationalism
• Stages (Moderate Stage only Here)
• Outcomes corrupt government

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Nationalism and Nation-States

• Rise of Nationalism
• Napoleon
• Congress of Vienna
• Greece
• Germany
• Itlay
• Development of a Nation State assignment. Define
  Nation, State and Nation-State. Nationalism
  Readings (2)

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Limitations

• Women
• Slaves
• Indigenous populations
• Racism
• Imerialism
• Eventual Resolution of Problems

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Rise of the West

• Economic (industrialization, Mercantilism,
  Capitalism)
• Political (democracy)
• Social (growing middle class, mobility,
  westernization)
• Expansion imperialism and colonialism
• Cultural and Artistic (Impressionism)

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Monet Impressionism
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Two Tahitian Women with Mango Paul Gauguin
The Moon and the Earth
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Reaction to the West

• Russia (reform Westernizes)
• India (resist Mugal to Sepoy)
• Ottoman (reform Young Turks)
• China (resist Taiping and Boxer)
• Japan (reform Meiji Restoration)
• Imperialism causes Nationalism in subservient
  countries

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Diverse Interpretations

• Modernization is positive, its better for
  everyone so dont resist. Accept science, accept
  enlightenment, accept industrialization, a free
  market. (Western Theory).
• Slave Emancipation Reasons Fear Factor,
  Humanitarian Factor and Economic Factor.
• Women should they have more rights because of
  their role in revolutions? Roles more defined.
  Settler colony more equality

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Major Comparisons and Snapshots

• Compare Industrial Revolution in Western Europe
  and Japan
• Comparative Revolutions (see previous)
• Reaction to foreign domination in Ottoman, China,
  India and Japan (see previous)
• Comparative Nationalism
• Colonialism vs Neo-colonialism
• Upper women vs working class women