Native American Culture Groups

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Native American Culture Groups

• Section 2

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(No Transcript)
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By the 1400s Native Americans lived Throughout
all parts of the Americas. Within each of the
major culture groups, Different nations shared
similar ways of life During thousands of years,
Native Americans developed many different ways to
get food, build homes, practice religion, and
enforce laws They spoke more than 1,000
languages. MAIN IDEA The earliest inhabitants
of North America developed unique and thriving
cultures
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Compare/Contrast
Similarities Differences
Each nation had sm. Group of leader who decided for the whole group Law enforcement
Shared common ancestory Decided leadership
No one could own land Language
Power of spirits found in nature Food, dress, home, hair
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Arctic

• The Aleuts
• Both in the far northern region
• Shelter is made from sod, driftwood, whale bone
  and animal skins
• Food clams, berries and seafood
• Good weavers, made elaborate designs
• Both traveled in boats that held up to 12
  passengers made from driftwood
• Religion was based on nature spirits and believed
  in reincarnation (both)

• The Inuits
• Shelter is made from sod and skin tents
• Food whale, walrus and seal
• Made things from soapstone
• Storytelling and singing as part of their
  religion and to pass down history
• Both groups mummified corpses

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Sub-arctic

• Location Canada and northern US
• Homes built mainly from sod
• Hunted moose, beaver, rabbit and deer
• Art/Recreation played with dolls, played a
  version of basketball and a game of hoops and
  poles
• Transportation canoes and rafts
• Religion worshipped nature
• Advances great hunters of meat and owned large
  tracts of land

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The Northwest Coast

• Location Pacific Northwest
• Shelter homes made from wood
• Food Salmon, bear, moose and seals and did not
  grow crops
• Recreation totem poles w/ animals to praise the
  spirits
• Trans canoes that hold 50 people
• Religion Worshipped animals
• Advances Carved items out of wood

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California

• Location Along the Pacific Coast
• Shelter made huts out of basic materials
  including wood
• Food fished and tried plants
• Recreation build long wooden canoes,
• Trans used canoes and rafts and walked
• Religion believed in what leader believed and
  that the ground around them was sacred
• Advances Expert fisherman and made bows and
  spears to help them

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Southwest

• Location pueblo area in what is today Arizona,
  New Mexico
• Shelter adobe, brick and stone
• Food corn, squash, beans and grew tobacco
• Recreation made wampuns, sand painting, pottery
• Trans traveled by river and horses
• Religion Believed in mother nature
• Advances jewelry making, Kachina dolls, crop
  growing, well making and canals

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The Great Basin

• Location Dry desert area in north half of the
  intermountain region in present Utah and Nevada
• Shelter hogans (type of hut), long house, plank
  house and chickee
• Food seeds, berries, snakes, rodents and insects
  and lizards
• Recreation weaved baskets, kids played and
  planting
• Trans walked and rode horses
• Religion believed in powerful spirit beings
  based on mythology
• Advances basket weaving and horse riding

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Plateau

• Located east on the NW coast
• Shelter made underground
• Food Salmon, bugs, fruit and berries
• Art/Rec Rock painting, weaving, carving and
  clothing
• Trans Used rivers
• Religion spirits inhabiting living and
  non-living things
• Advances built good housing

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The Plains

• Located west of the Mississippi River to the
  Rocky Mtns.
• Shelter lived in tepees and lived in villages
• Food Ate corn, beans, squash, sunflower seed and
  grew tobacco
• Art/Rec Used buffalo bones for tools, cooking
  utensils and ceremonial purposes
• Trans Used horses from Europeans
• Religion No specific religion Animists
• Advances Used weapons from Europeans and were
  good horsemen.

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The Northeast Woodlands

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Northeast Woodland

• Located in dense forest with fertile rivers in
  present day Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin
• Houses made of wood and tree bark
• Food grew corn squash and beans three sisters
• Art/Rec Beads, shells used for necklaces, made
  woven baskets
• Trans Made canoes from trees and traveled by
  foot
• Religion Believed in one great spirit
• Advances Canoes and good weavers

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Southeast

• Five main tribes cherokee, seminole, chocktaw,
  creek, and chickasaw located in modern day
  southeast (TX, OK, MO, KY, VA, TN, AK, MD, FL)
• Shelter Adobe homes
• Food Hunted Buffalo, deer and bear, fished in
  streams and farmed
• Art/Rec artwork that represented their
  environment, played ball games lacrosse, version
  of basketball
• Trans Traveled by foot and canoe
• Religion polytheistic
• Advances good sport player and made canoes,
  jewelries and kachina dolls

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Review

• Vocabulary (next slide)
• What beliefs about land and nature did most
  Native Americans share?
• Think about one of the ten Native American
  culture areas. Think about the areas physical
  environment. Draw a scene that shows that
  environment.

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Vocabulary

• Define the following
• Shaman
• Totem pole
• Potlatch
• Tepee
• Iroquois League