Turbojet engine (Rocket)?

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Turbojet engine (Rocket)?
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• Animation medium- 3D
• Software - No Idea

Mention what will be your animation medium 2D or
3DMention the software to be used for animation
development JAVA, Flash, Blender, Shikav,
Maya..etc
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Title- Turbojet engine and Ramjet Engine
(Rocket)
Subject - Turbo machinery, Thermodynamics,
Energy conversion systems (ECS)? Prepared By-
Chaitanya Tiwari (08310911)?
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Title of the concept, subject. Name of the author
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• Jet Propulsion- Propulsion of a body by the
  discharge of fluid is termed as jet propulsion.
  Jet engine is used to propel the body such as
  rocket, ship etc.
• Classification-
• Turbojet Engine
• Ramjet Engine

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Definitions of the keywords used in the animation
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Principle of jet propulsion-
Jet is produced by combustion of fuel. The
mixture of burnt fuel and compressed air exerts
the thrust to the jet engine.
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Turbojet engine-
It is the oldest type of jet engine.
Brayton cycle is the basis for the Turbojet
engine. It works on gas turbine. Jet is
produced by combustion of fuel and appropriate
oxidant carried by the engine.
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Combustion
chamber Compressor

turbine

Brayton cycle
Fuel in
Power Transfer
It is Schematic representation of the Brayton
cycle.
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Diagram is brayton cycle, on which turbojet
engine works. It is a block diagram, but it will
clearly illustrate the process. The
corresponding T-s (Temperature - entropy) Diagram
shown in next slide will clearly illustrate
boundary Conditions .
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P2constant
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P1constant
2
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Source- http//www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane
/Images/braytonts.gif
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Working Principle of turbojet engine-
(1) The air is scooped from the front of the
engine. (2) The air is then compressed into
the compressor. (3) The compressed air is
supplied to the combustion chamber. The fuel
is supplied to the combustion chamber, which
burns at high pressure and temperature.
Continued
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(4) The mixture is then expanded into the
turbine, which is coupled with the compressor.
The work produced by the turbine is used to run
the compressor. (5) Then the fuel air
mixture is allowed to expand into the nozzle at
very high speed. The equivalent and opposite
thrust force can be obtained.
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Fuel in
Combustion chamber
Air in
turbine
Compressor
Power Transfer
Nozzle
Air out
P decr, T decr
P decr, T dec
P,T increase
Pconst, T incr
Thrust
Turbojet engine
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Main parts of the turbojet engine-

• Compressor
• Combustion Chamber
• Turbine
• Nozzle

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Compressor-
A compressor is a mechanical device, which
increases the pressure of a gas by decreasing its
volume. Dynamic type, multistage axial compressor
is used mainly in the turbojet engine.
Centrifugal type compressor, axial centrifugal
compressor may also be used.
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Multistage axial compressor-
An axial compressor is typically made up of many
alternating rows of rotating and stationary
blades called rotors and stators. Compressors
with many blade rows are termed multistage
compressors.
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Stator, blades attached are stationary blades (s)?
First blade, stationary (inlet guide vane)?
Rotor, Blades attached are rotary blades (R).
Schematic representation of an axial flow
compressor
http//web.mit.edu/16.unified/www/FALL/thermodynam
ics/notes/node92.html
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Combustion chamber -
Also known as combustor, Flame holder. This is a
chamber where fuel is continuously burned in the
compressed air. Pressure remains almost
constant. Can type combustion chamber is mainly
used in jet engines.
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Can type combustion chamber
A large no. of single burners are arranged in
parallel circumferentially around the engine
axis. Burners are linked up by interconnectors,
that enable the flame to spread into the
neighboring combustion chamber, thus igniting the
fuel air mixture there.
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Turbine-
Primary task of turbine in the jet engine is
mainly to run the compressor. Axial type turbines
is mainly used in the jet engine. Axial flow type
turbine can be single stage or multi stage.
Similar to the compressor it has stationary
nozzle guide vanes followed by a set of rotating
blades.
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Analogies-

• Rocket
• Aerodynamics
• Air craft propulsion
• Ship propulsion
• High speed vehicles
• Newtons law

Problem Statement Describe examples/experiments/a
nalogies through which you will explain (use
bullets).
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Problem statement - To understand the working
of turbojet engine. To understand the jet
propulsion.
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Problem statement Stepwise description and
illustrations (Add more slides if necessary)?
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• Clearly showing the inlet and outlet air and
  their movement.
• Forces, applicable during the process such as
  drag force, gravitational force, thrust force
• How pressures are acting outside the body of the
  jet.

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List out user interactions that will be there to
enhance the understanding of the concept in the
animation.
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• Turbojet engine are based on which cycle?
  Brayton cycle
• What is the possible use of work produce in the
  turbine of the turbojet engine?
  Turbine
  is coupled with the compressor so produced work
  is used to run the compressor. So only that part
  of thermal energy should be converted into work
  in the turbine which are necessary to run the
  compressor.

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A small questionnaire with answers based on the
concept.
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• Which equation is used to calculate the power
  produced in the jet engine?
  Momentum
  equation
• Write application of jet engines?
  Rocket , ship, missiles
  etc.

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• Engineering thermodynamics by P. K. Nag
• Turbines compressors and Fans by S M yahya
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TurbojetReferences
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramjet

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Links for further reading/references