What is Cerebral Palsy?

1
What is Cerebral Palsy?

• Group of disorders affecting body movement and
  muscular disorders.

2
Cerebral Palsy
3
Why does Cerebral Palsy (CP) occur?

• Damage to the brain during pregnancy may cause
  Cerebral Palsy.
• http//www.ofcp.on.ca/aboutcp.html

4
What are the symptoms of CP?

• CP interferes with messages b/n brain and body
• Effects vary with individual
• Mildest slight awkwardness
• Severest Virtually no muscle control

5
Brain Damage

• Depending on which areas of the brain have been
  damaged, one or more of the following may occur 
  
• Muscle tightness or spasms 
• Involuntary movement 
• Difficulty with "gross motor skills" such as
  walking or running 
• Difficulty with "fine motor skills" such as
  writing or doing up buttons 
• Difficulty in perception and sensation 

6
Associated Problems

• The above effects may cause associated problems
  such as
• 1. Feeding
• 2. Poor bladder control
• 3. Breathing problems
• 4. Pressure sores

7
Associated Problems cont.

• The brain damage may lead to
• Seizures
• Learning Disabilities
• Developmental Delays

8
Important to Remember that

• Affected limbs are not paralyzed and can feel
  pain, heat, cold and pressure
• Physical disability is no indication of
  intellectual disability.
• C.P. is not a degenerative condition, damage to
  the brain is a one time occurrence so it will not
  get worse.

9
Important to remember that

• People with C.P. have a normal life span.
• Is not progressive, the effects of CP may change
  over time
• Some may improve
• Some may get worse

10
Medically it is important to remember

• Is not contagious
• Is not hereditary
• Is not life threatening

11
Types of C.P.

• Classified by the number of limbs involved
• Quadriplegia
• Diplegia
• Hemiplegia
• Triplegia
• Monoplegia

12
Classification by Movement Disorders

• Spastic Muscles are tight and stiff
• Athetoid Involuntary movements, constantly in
  motion
• Ataxic Least common form. Disturbed sense of
  balance.

13
Spastic

• Most common type, occurs 70-80 of all cases.
• Spastic Hemiplegia
• Spastic Diplegia
• Spastic Quadriplegia

14
Spastic Hemiplegia

• One side is affected
• Injury to left side of brain affects right side
  of body and vice versa.

15
Spastic Diplegia

• Lower extremities are affected
• Most people with Spastic Diplegia eventually
  walk.
• Toe walking and flexed knees are common.
• Hip dislocations and crossed eyes are common
• Often nearsighted
• Intelligence is unaffected

16
Spastic Quadriplegia

• Whole body affected
• Often have hemiparetic tremors (shaking that
  affects the limbs on one side of the body)
• Often have fluid buildup
• Tubes are usually inserted into body to drain
  excess fluids

17
Athetoid

• Mixed muscle tone
• Trouble holding themselves in an upright
  position.
• Takes a lot of concentration to get hand to
  certain spot eg. Touching nose

18
Ataxic

• Least common type of C.P.
• Some individuals have tremors.
• Motor skills are affected
• Common to have visual and/or auditory problems.

19
Living with Cerebral Palsy

• Coping with Disabilities and Handicaps
• Is not life threatening

20
Treatment of C.P.

• No cure
• The earlier the treatment the better
• Treatments may include one or more of the
  following
• Physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech
  therapy, drugs to control seizures, alleviate
  pain, or relax muscle spasms, braces on feet,
  standing frame

21
Physical Therapy Treatment

• Designed to encourage the patient to build
  strength.
• Life long physical therapy is necessary to build
  muscle tone

22
Occupational Therapy

• Helps adults maximize their function in an
  attempt to live as independently as possible
• Orthotic are often prescribed

23
Speech Therapy

• Helps to control the muscles of the mouth and the
  jaw
• This affects not only speech but also breathing,
  biting, chew and swallowing.
• Starts before child begins school

24
Chord Therapy

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vPT4ydxomnQ0
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vTYS3_qSTvsofeature
  related