TOPIC 6 : Body systems in humans

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TOPIC 6 Body systems in humans

• The Digestive System
• Food enters the body through the mouth
• Food is broken down in the mouth, stomach and
  intestines
• Unused food is expelled as waste
• Digestive System Cartoon Assignment
• Respiratory System
• We inhale and bring in oxygen
• We exhale and get rid of waste carbon dioxide
• The respiratory system is responsible for gas
  exchange
• Respiratory System Drawing Assignment
• Circulatory System
• The circulatory system transports food and oxygen
  through the body
• Made of the heart, blood and blood vessels
• Circulates blood around the body to deliver food
  particles, dissolved gas and other materials to
  cells
• Also takes away waste material from the cells
• Circulatory System Drawing Assignment

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• Nervous System
• Coordinates and controls the actions of the
  organs and organ systems
• Detects, processes and responds to stimuli in
  the environment
• Excretory System
• Removes wastes from the system

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• Digestive System
• Mouth Food broken down by chewing and chemical
  action of saliva.
• Salivary Glands - Saliva contains enzymes that
  break down carbohydrates into smaller molecules.
• Esophagus - The esophagus is a long tube that
  uses rhythmic, wave-like muscle movements (called
  peristalsis) to force food from the throat into
  the stomach.
• Stomach - Food in the stomach is partly digested
  and mixed with stomach acids
• Liver - Makes bile which breaks down fats and
  some blood proteins. Helps the small intestine in
  digestion.
• Gall Bladder - It stores and releases bile into
  the small intestine.
• Pancreas - Enzymes from the pancreas help in the
  digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in
  the small intestine.
• Small Intestine bile, pancreatic enzymes, and
  other digestive enzymes produced by the inner
  wall of the small intestine help in the breakdown
  of food. Most food is absorbed here.
• Large Intestine - The large intestine is
  responsible for absorption of water and excretion
  of solid waste material.
• Rectum Feces are stored here.
• Anus Where feces exits the body.

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• Nervous System
• Brain - It helps to control all of the body
  systems and organs, keeping them working like
  they should. The brain also allows us to think,
  feel, remember and imagine.
• Spinal Cord - The brain communicates with the
  rest of the body through the spinal cord and the
  nerves. Information passed through the spine
  tells the body what to do and when to do it.
• Nerve Cells - Neurons carry messages in the form
  of a electrical impulses. The messages move from
  one neuron to another to keep the body
  functioning.

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• Excretory System
• Kidney Cleans the blood of waste products.
  Waste is passed out your body in urine.
• Ureter Takes urine from the kidney to the
  bladder.
• Bladder Stores urine until it is passed out the
  body in urine.
• Urethra Urine passes from the bladder to the
  urethra on the way out of the body.

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• Respiratory System
• Larynx Place where moving air being breathed in
  and out creates sounds
• Trachea This is the windpipe, or the passage
  leading from the mouth and throat to the lungs
• Lungs The lungs perform respiration or gas
  exchange
• Bronchi or Bronchus The two main tubes of the
  lungs
• Bronchioles The smaller divisions of the
  bronchi
• Alveolus The very small air sacs where breathed
  in air goes
• Diaphragm Strong wall of muscle that separates
  the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity

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• Circulatory System
• Heart The bodys blood is circulated throughout
  the body by the heart
• Veins Veins carry blood to the heart. Veins
  carry dark red blood that doesnt have much
  oxygen
• Arteries Arteries carry blood away from the
  heart. Arteries carry bright red blood that is
  high in oxygen
• Blood Carries food and oxygen to cells as well
  as carrying wastes away from cells. Blood also
  carries disease fighting white blood cells
  through the body. It also helps maintain constant
  body temperature.