AUTOMOTIVE CHARGING SYSTEMS

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AUTOMOTIVE CHARGING SYSTEMS

• CHAPTER 7

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PURPOSE OF CHARGING SYSTEM

• CONVERT MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
• RECHARGE BATTERY
• PROVIDE POWER FOR ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES
• RESERVE POWER WHEN NEEDED

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COMPONENTS OF CHARGING SYSTEM

• BATTERY
• ALTERNATOR
• DRIVE BELT
• VOLTAGE REGULATOR
• CHARGE INDICATOR (LAMP OR GAUGE)

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TYPICAL CHARGING SYSTEM
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ALTERNATING CURRENT OPERATION
PG C165

• ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION TO PRODUCE ELECTRICAL
  POWER
• VOLTAGE WILL BE PRODUCED IF MOTION BETWEEN A
  CONDUCTOR AND A MAGNETIC FIELD OCCURS.
• AMOUNT OF VOLTAGE IS AFFECTED BY
• SPEED OF CONDUCTOR PASSING THROUGH FIELD
• STRENGTH OF MAGNETIC FIELD
• NUMBER OF CONDUCTORS PASSING THROUGH MAGNETIC
  FIELD

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COMPONENTS OF ALTERNATOR
C167 FIG 7-6

• FRONT HOUSING ( DRIVE END )
• REAR HOUSING ( COM END )
• STATOR
• ROTOR
• REGULATOR
• BRUSHES
• RECTIFIER ASSEMBLY
• BRUSH HOLDER

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ROTOR
PG C167 168

• COPPER WIRE WOUND AROUND A IRON CORE
• CURRENT PASSING THROUGH ROTOR CREATES A MAGNETIC
  FIELD
• MAGNETIC FIELDS PRODUCE A VOLTAGE BY INDUCTION
  IN STATOR WINDINGS

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ROTOR FIELD CIRCUIT
PG C169

• CONTROLS ALTERNAOTR OUTPUT
• INCREASED FIELD CURRENT RESULTS IN INCREASED
  ALTERNATOR OUTPUT
• TWO BRUSHES PROVIDE CONNECTION TO FIELD COIL

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STATOR

• THREE SETS OF WINDINGS AROUND LAMINATED CORE
• SMALL GAP BETWEEN ROTOR AND STATOR PERMITS FIELD
  CIRCUIT TO ENERGIZE WINDINGS OF STATOR AT THE
  SAME TIME.

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STATOR WINDINGS
PG C170-173

• STATOR WINDING CONNECTIONS
• WYE
• DELTA
• OVERLAPPING STATOR WINDINGS PRODUCE 33 PHASE
  ANGLES PAGE C-170

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DIODE RECTIFIER BRIDGE
PG C174-176

• CHANGES NEGATIVE CURRENT INTO POSITIVE OUTPUT
• CONVERTS AC (ALTERNATING) VOLTS TO PULSING DC
  VOLTS
• 3 POSITIVE BIASED DIODES
• 3 NEGATIVE BIASED DIODES
• NUMBER OF POLES ON ROTOR AND NUMBER OF PHASES ON
  STATOR WILL DETERMINE HOW SMOOTH OUTPUT IS.

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AC VOLTAGE EFFECT WITH DIODE OPERATION
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STATOR CURRENT FLOW PHASE 1A AND B POSITIVE
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STATOR CURRENT PHASE 2A AND C NEGATIVE
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STATOR CURRENT PHASE 3B AND C POSITIVE
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ALTERNATOR INTERNAL CIRCUITS

• CHARGING CIRCUIT
• STATOR WINDINGS AND RECTIFIER
• EXCITATION CIRCUIT
• FIELD COIL AND CONNECTIONS
• PRE-EXCITATION CIRCUIT
• SUPPLIES INITIAL CURRENT FOR FIELD COIL

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THE END

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