First Aid and Personal Safety

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First Aid and Personal Safety

• Mr. Zaneto M.Ed,ATC, CSCS
• Metuchen High School

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Responding to an Emergency

• Make sure the scene is safe
• Potential problems downed power lines
• Fast moving water

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Assess Situation

1. As you are making your way to victims assess what
   you see
2. Remove victims only if scene becomes unsafe for
   you are the victim
3. Tap and shout to see if the victim is responsive
4. Activate EMS, or tell somebody to call 911

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Universal Pre-Cautions

• Always use gloves
• Use of a barrier device
• Protective clothing if possible
• Wash hands with soap and water
• Disinfect all areas where fluids were present

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ABCs

1. Check Airway for obstruction (Look, listen, and
   feel)
2. Check Breathing
3. Check Circulation

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Rescue Breathing

• Pulse present but no breathing
• If possible use a barrier device
• Two breaths in that make chest rise
• If breaths dont go in re-tilt head and
  re-attempt
• One breath every five seconds

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CPR

• No pulse and no breathing
• Start just like rescue breathing
• 30 compressions
• 2 breaths
• Re-check after 2 minutes about 5 cycles

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Child and Infant

• Child use heel of one hand only
• Infant Two or three fingers in between nipples
  (Your mouth over nose and mouth)
• Continue to use 30 2 compression to breath ratio

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Choking victim

• Get behind victim and tell them to keep coughing,
  then wrap arms around victim above the belly
  button

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Choking Victim

• If victim becomes unconscious, finger sweep mouth
  then try to ventilate.
• Then straddle victim and give abdominal thrusts
• Child use same process

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Infant choking

• 5 Back Blows and 5 Chest thrusts

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SHOCK

• Place unconscious and vomiting victims in
  recovery position
• Do not raise legs when chest injuries, breathing
  difficulty, or unconsciousness exist
• No spinal cord injury elevate victims legs 12
  inches
• Hypothermic try to warm victim

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Fainting

• Try to prevent victim from falling back
• Elevate legs 8 to 12 inches
• If vomiting occurs lay victim on side
• Loosen clothing around neck
• Seek medical attention if person is over 40,
  repeated fainting, fainting for no reason, does
  not wake up in more than 30 seconds

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Anaphylactic Shock

• Call 911 right away
• Find somebody who is trained to use individuals
  epi-pen
• Victim has to go to hospital for observation

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Bleeding

• Apply direct pressure
• Elevate limb
• Locate pressure point
• Only apply tourniquet to arms and legs as a last
  resort

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Puncture vs Laceration

• Puncture greater chance of infection
• Laceration may need stitches, dermabond, or
  staples

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Abrasions

• Clean all dirt and debris away with soap and
  water
• Use sterile clean dressing to cover wound
• Antibiotic ointment (Neosporin)

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Types of Fractures
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2 yr old Child Fracture
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First-Aid Kit Contents

• What would be in your First-Aid kit
• You and a partner will put together your kit