Graham Robb

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Helping the hardest to helpHertfordshire 15
June

• Graham Robb

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Mappa Mundi Hereford Cathedral
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The risks what is the local story?

• What are the external risks facing young people?
• Crime inc. gang/group offending
• Community tension and violent extremism
• Physical abuse / domestic violence / FGM
• Sexual exploitation
• .. And specifics to the area you serve

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Youth Justice snapshot

• Key Offences
• Violence against person 35
• Shoplifting 18
• Criminal damage 20
• Vehicle 5
• Burglary 5

• 140,000 8-17 in YOT contact
• 2500 in custody (c 150 long term)
• Girls 26 of offending
• 2 of offenders cause 20 of offences

Key Times 4-6pm Dec Feb
Summer months
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What are the risk factors? How prevalent in
young offenders is this risk factor?

• Aggressive Behaviour (including Bullying 25
• Low achievement starting in primary school 24
• Family history of behaviour problems 22
• Alienation and lack of social commitment 22
• Peer attitudes condoning problem behaviour 21
• Family conflict 21
• Lack of commitment to school (inc persistent
  absence) 21
• Friends involved in problem behaviour 21
• Availability of drugs 19
• early involvement in problem behaviour 18
• Community disorganisation 18
• Poor parental supervision and discipline 18
• School disorganisation (e.g. poor registration
  system to track attendance) 17

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Young peoples views - a changing story

• MORI 2009 for YJB 194 schools 4750 young people
  11-16
• Reduction in Youth Offending from 2005 27 to
  2008 23
• Main fare dodging (53), hurting with need for
  medical attention (42) , property damage (39),
  graffiti (33), stolen in school (33)
• 16 mobile phone violent pix , 22 offensive
  message
• Significant reduction in worry about being victim
  of crime
• www.yjb.gov.uk/publications

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Young peoples views - a changing story

• 127 Pupil referral units in EW 916 young
  people 11-16
• 61 I have been a victim in last 12 months
• 64 say I committed a criminal offence in the
  last year stable
• Increase in likelihood of being caught 82
• 61 Damage to property
• 59 threat or assault
• 57 shoplifting
• Significantly more likely than general population
  to be involved in ASB , theft , threat, drug
  related ( mean 22 purchases in 12 months)

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Serious Youth ViolenceDangerous People, Places ,
Times

• Place matters
• The age profiles of SYV and homicide offenders in
  London are changing
• There is racial and gender disproportionality of
  homicide victims
• Overwhelmingly victims and offenders of all
  homicide are male
• Of 10 19 year olds killed in London in 2007
  and 2008,
• 91 were male
• 90 of victims were BME
• 77 of offenders were BME
• 52 of victims were British born
• 74 of offenders were British born.
• Transitions Attendance Information YOT to
  Sch/College
• Girls Voice in Violence

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Key issues for the death of 10 19 year olds

• Gang related offending (territory, revenge
  attacks, disrespect)
• Personal conflict (spontaneous fight simmering
  dispute disrespect)
• Participation in illegal economy (robberies
  within the drug and other illegal markets).
• Not all groups of young people are gangs.
  Sometimes the issues of serious youth violence
  and gang related killings over overlap, sometimes
  they don't.

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Preventing Violent Extremism the contribution of
schools

• Understand the extremist narrative
• Prevent harm to pupils
• Support vulnerable individuals
• Build resilience
• Allow grievances to be aired and model conflict
  resolution /citizenship

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Situational Model of Violent Radicalisation
FOUR CONDITIONS
Inter-community separation
Seductive ideology
Single narrative explains the collective
condition of social group
Opposing groups. Focus on differences
FOUR CATALYSTS
Signal events crimes
PUSH FACTORS Those that loosen the social
bonds that people feel in respect of their
attachments to normal society.
PULL FACTORS Attract decoupled individuals to a
more radical and extreme viewpoint
Declining social control
?
PULL
PUSH
Isolation anger, leaders remote and
ineffective
Social bonds attachments provide meaningful
social identity
Differential association
Indoctrination
Foreground
Intracommunity separation
Group dynamics
Background
FOREGROUND ISSUES Those immediate and visible
events that act on an individual that contribute
to changing their attitudes, beliefs or
behaviour.
BACKGROUND ISSUES Place individuals and groups
in conditions where they are more susceptible to
technologies of persuasion
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Core aims for SSP

• Improve the safety of pupils, staff and the
  school site
• Early intervention, support and challenge of
  pupils at risk of offending
• Help for young people to deal with the risk of
  becoming victims and support for those who are
• Improve standards of pupil behaviour and
  attendance
• Improve relations between young people and the
  police/wider community
• Help deal with issues beyond the school that
  impact negatively on pupil safety and behaviour

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Restorative Approaches Evidence process and
outcomes

• RAiS Bristol (Restorative Solutions)
• 608 staff trained inc 86 to facilitator level
• 300 Conferences
• 40 involved pupils who would have been excluded
  previously
• 96 of the conferences produced agreements
• 93 of those agreements have resulted in no
  repeat of the incident with the pupil harmed

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Safety and Cohesion Award Programme

• Aims to help schools in
• Keeping young people safe
• keep young people out of trouble
• recognise the positive contribution young people
  make
• Partnership audit and action plan

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Safety and Cohesion Framework
OfSTED Categories Descriptors of Outstanding Judgements by Staff at risk and partners Action Plan Priorities for SIP and partners
Pupil Outcomes e.g. Safe travel Local tensions, Outstanding, good satisfactory, unsatisfactory Develop links with anti gang work.
Provision Curriculum, Safe site Outstanding, good satisfactory, unsatisfactory
Leadership and Management Collaborative Work with partners Information sharing Outstanding, good satisfactory, unsatisfactory
Outcomes for Individuals and Groups Effective work with ,most at risk to achieve better outcomes Outstanding, good satisfactory, unsatisfactory
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System Leadership NCLSCS

• Collaboration to deliver personalisation . One
  explored methods of reducing the numbers of young
  people not in education, employment or training
  (NEET),
• Collaboration rather than competition some
  schools pooled budgets to jointly commission
  work-based learning for vulnerable and
  disaffected young people.
• All-through schooling , while others adopted
  whole-town strategies to deliver the five
  outcomes of Every Child Matters (ECM).
• Community engagement . Another project developed
  a community alliance to deliver multi-agency
  services for local families.
• Next Practice in System Leadership

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