DEVELOPMENT OF PLANT DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY IN CHINA

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DEVELOPMENT OF PLANT DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY IN
CHINA

• Zhou, Y. Xiao, Y. Duan, X.
• Institute of Plant Protection, CAAS,
  Beijing 100094, China Department of Plant
  Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing
  100094, China

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THREE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF PLANT DISEASE
EPIDEMIOLOGY IN CHINA

• The beginning of 1960s
• Between the beginning of 1960s and the end of
  1970s
• From the end of 1970s to now

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FIRST STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT

• The pioneering pathologists worked on plant
  disease epidemiology
• Prof. Keji Liu, Chuanguang Lin, Weifan Qiu,
  Shoukang Ruan
• Prof. Shimai Zeng(1962,1963) reported the results
  of mathematical analyses of spring epidemics on
  wheat stripe rust

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SECOND STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT

• It is a standstill stage for plant disease
  epidemiology because of the Cultural Revolution

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THIRD STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT

• Main works on plant disease epidemiology
• Quantitative studies of infection process or
  epidemic components
• Estimation of yield loss
• Simulation models of temporal and spatial dynamic

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THIRD STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT

• Main works on plant disease epidemiology
• Interactions between pathogen and host
  populations
• Dynamic of control efficacy of fungicide

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THIRD STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT

• Main works covered many important diseases
• Wheat stripe rust, leaf rust, powdery mildew,
  rice blast, rice sheath blight, southern maize
  leaf blight, cucumber downy mildew, tomato late
  blight, pear scab etc.

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SIMULATION MODELS ON PLANT DISEASES (1)
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SIMULATION MODELS ON PLANT DISEASES (2)
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SIMULATION MODELS ON PLANT DISEASES (3)
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DSS, ES AND GIS FOR INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT
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AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES

• Offered the course of plant disease epidemiology
  since 1980
• Enrolled the graduate students for MS degree
  from 1978 and PhD degree from 1984, on plant
  disease epidemiology

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IMPORTANT PUBLICATION

• Plant Disease epidemiology written by Prof.
  Shimai Zeng and Yan Yang was published in 1986,
  which is the first Chinese reference book on
  plant disease epidemiology

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IMPORTANT CONCEPTES

• System engineering of plant protection
• Macro-phytopathology
• by Prof. Shimai Zeng

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Establishment of system of stations for pest
monitoring and prediction

• Started to established from1978
• Now about 1800 stations of provinces, cities and
  counties have established, including about400
  region stations
• by National Agro-technical Extension and Service
  Centre (National Station of Plant Protection
  Extension)

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COMMUNICATION OF PEST AND DISEASE INFORMATION

• by Post before1979
• by Telegram since 1979
• Equipped user telegraph and can receive
  information during 24 hours since 1985
• by Internet now

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Important Symposium

• Symposium of Epidemic Prediction of Crop Pests
  was held in Beijing in 1986, which is a landmark
  as extension of scale of disease in time and
  space
• It impelled disease and pest prediction of
  long-term and super long-term in China

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Conferences and Consultations

• Conferences and consultations of super long-term
  prediction for pests are held every year since
  1990.
• It releases the prediction information of
  countrywide pests for next year.
• Blue Book of Pest Control is published every
  year and provided to governors.

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Methods and Techniques of Monitoring

• Methods and techniques for monitoring
  continuously simplified, optimized, and
  standardized, and some new techniques are
  gradually used in monitoring.

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National Standard (GB)

• Rules for investigation and forecast of 15 pests,
  including 5 crop diseases, were issued as
  National Standard (GB) in 1995
• Rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae) GB/T 15790
• Rice sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) GB/T
  15791
• Wheat stripe rust (Puccinia striifomis f.sp
  tritici) GB/T 15795
• Wheat scab (Gibberalla zeae) GB/T 15796
• Wheat rosette Dwarf virus GB/T 15797

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Methods and Techniques of Prediction

• Methods and techniques for prediction based on
  empirical and integrated analyses, mathematical
  or statistical models and system simulation
  models and expert system have been used in pest
  prediction

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FURTHER WORK ON PLANT DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY

• (1) Evolution of crop and disease ecosystem
  with mankind activities, and developing long-term
  and super long-term prediction for plant
  pathosystem

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FURTHER WORK ON PLANT DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY

• (2) Further utilization of modern information
  technology, computer multimedia technology,
  database technology, remote sensing, GPS and
  internet/WWW, extending research scale of time
  and space and promoting research integrated level

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FURTHER WORK ON PLANT DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY

• (3) Developing the researches on
  geo-phytopathology and maro-phytopatholgy
• (4) Further improving methods and techniques of
  disease monitoring and prediction, establishing
  disease database on line, providing disease
  monitoring and prediction information to
  scientists, governors and farmers

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FURTHER WORK ON PLANT DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY

• (5) Estimation and prediction of consequences
  of the important ecological changes, such as risk
  assessment of GMO, and analyses of advantages and
  dis-advantages of globe change of climate and new
  agricultural policies etc..

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Thank You