MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

• WORD PARTS ARE THE KEY

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PREFIX - ROOT - SUFFIX

• All medical terms can be broken down into word
  parts. The three word parts that you will be
  concerned with are the PREFIX, the ROOT, and the
  SUFFIX.
• Usually, only two of these parts are present in
  a medical term.

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KEY PART 1

• The main body or basic component of a word is
  called the ______ or _______ word.
• ROOT (STEM)

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ROOTS

• All words have a ROOT. Even everyday words have
  ROOTs. In medical terms such as hepatomone,
  gastrotome, and arthrotome, the hepat (meaning
  liver), gastr (meaning stomach), and arthr
  (meaning joint) are the _________.
• ROOTS

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COMBINING FORM

• The part of the word which gives the basic
  meaning to the word is called the ___________.
• ROOT
• Words with a back slash/ and a combining vowel
  are called _________ _________.
• COMBINING FORM

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COMBINING VOWELS

• Certain combinations of stems are hard to
  pronounce. This awkwardness of pronunciation
  makes it necessary to insert a vowel called a
  combining vowel.
• Usually the combining vowel is an o, but
  occasionally it may be a, e, i, u, or
  y.

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COMBINING VOWEL RULES

1. ALWAYS USED BETWEEN ROOT WORDS
2. USED WHEN SUFFIX HAS CONSONANT FIRST
3. NOT USED BETWEEN PREFIX ROOT
4. NOT USED WHEN SUFFIX HAS VOWEL FIRST

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Key Part 2 - PREFIX

• The ______ is the part of the word which comes
  _________ the root.
• PREFIX
• BEFORE

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PREFIX CATEGORIES

• Location
• Time
• Amount
• Color
• Negation
• Size
• Position

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LOCATION PREFIXES

• intra-/endo- __________ within/inside
• em-/en- __________ within/inside
• inter- __________ between/among
• peri- __________ surrounding
• ec-/ecto- __________ outside
• retro __________ behind, back of
• post __________ after, behind
• supra/hyper _________ above/excessive
• sub-/hypo __________ below/less/under

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TIME PREFIXES

• ante- ________ before, in front of
• pre- ________ before, in front of
• intra ________ within, inside
• post _________ after, behind

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NUMBER, AMOUNT OR COMPARISON PREFIXES

• Mono
• Bi/Bis Di/Diplo
• Tri Quadri
• Multi-/Poly Hemi-/Semi

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NUMBER, AMOUNT OR COMPARISON PREFIXES

• Hypo- Hyper-
• Tachy- Brady-
• Oligo-

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COLOR PREFIXES RHYME

• An Invitation to Your Love
• Oh! Beauty rare with eyes cyano,
• Shimmering, shining hair melano,
• Pearly teeth, and lips erythro,
• Cheeks where only peaches will grow,
• Warm and lovely skin so leuko,
• Come sit with me and read a book-oh?

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SIZE AND POSITION PREFIXES

• Micro
• Macro
• Mega

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PREFIXES AT WORK

• Emesis is a stem which means vomit.
• Hyper is a prefix which means excessive
• Excessive vomiting __________.
• Hyperemesis (hi'per-em'e-sis)

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PREFIXES AT WORK

• The prefix intra- means inside or within.
• Within the abdomen _____________
• intra-abdominal (in'trah-ab-dom'i-nal)

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PREFIXES AT WORK

• Em- and en- are also prefixes which mean within
  or inside
• Pus inside a body cavity _______________________
  _.
• Empyema (em'pi-e'mah)

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PREFIXES AT WORK

• Endo- is also a prefix meaning within or inside.
• Metro is the root meaning uterus.
• Inflammation inside the uterus ___________
• Endometritis (en'do-me-tri'tis)

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PREFIXES AT WORK

• Inter- is a prefix meaning between.
• The root, costal, means ribs.
• muscles within the ribs ___________.
• intercostal (in'ter-kos'tal

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PREFIXES AT WORK

• Peri- is a prefix which means around or
  surrounding.
• Cardio is the stem for heart. inflammation around
  the heart __________.
• Pericarditis,per'i-kar-di'tis

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PREFIXES AT WORK

• Ec- and ecto- are prefixes which mean out and
  outside
• Pertaining to a pregnancy which occurs outside
  the uterine cavity __________.
• ectopic ek-top'ik

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PREFIXES AT WORK

• Retro- and post- are prefixes which mean behind.
• located behind the heart
• situated behind the nose.
• Retrocardial ret'ro-kar'de-al
• Postnasalpost-na'zal

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PREFIXES AT WORK

• Lets play
• BINGO!

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PREFIX QUIZ

• The prefix "sub" in the word subcutaneous means
• Joint
• Rib
• Under
• Over
• Under

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PREFIX QUIZ

• The prefix "brady" in the word bradycardia means
• Fast
• Low
• Slow
• Few
• Slow

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PREFIX QUIZ

• The prefix "hydro" in the word hydrophobia means
• Gas
• Water
• Air
• Liquid
• Water

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PREFIX QUIZ

• The prefix "a" in the word afebrile means
• Without
• Within
• Around
• In
• Without

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PREFIX QUIZ

• The prefix "tachy" in the word tachycardia means
• Low
• Moderate
• Fast
• Slow
• Fast

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PREFIX QUIZ

• The prefix "erythro" in the word erythrocyte
  means
• Red
• Black
• Blue
• White
• Red

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PREFIX QUIZ

• The prefix "an" in the word anesthesia means
• Without
• In
• Within
• With
• Without

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PREFIX QUIZ

• The prefix "em" in the word empyema means
• Out
• In
• Between
• Under
• In

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PREFIX QUIZ

• The prefix "oligo" in the word oliguria means
• Many/much
• Small
• Large
• Few/scanty
• Few/scanty

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KEY WORD PART 3 - SUFFIX

• The ______ is the part of the word which comes
  _________ the root.
• SUFFIX
• AFTER

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PATHOLOGY SUFFIXES

• itis inflammation
• oma, cele - tumor
• osis, ago, esis, ia, iasis condition/disease
• malacia abnormal softening
• mega(ly) abnormal enlargement
• scler/o abnormal hardening
• sten/o abnormal narrowing
• necr/o dead

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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• Gastrocele - gas'tro-sel
• Hernia or protrusion of the stomach

                                   
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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• EMIA BLOOD
• LEUKEMIA
• ANEMIA
• HYPO/HYPERGLYCEMIA

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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• Ectasis, ectasia dilation, dilatation, or
  expansion

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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• Is, iasis condition, formation
• or presence of
• Nephrolithiasis
• nef'ro-li-thi'ah-sis

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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• Itis inflammation
• Encephalitis

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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• Chondr/o cartilage
• Chondromalacia

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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• Hepatosplenomegaly

hep'ah-to-sple'no-meg'ah-le
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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• Arteriosclerosis

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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• Lipo fat
• Lipoma

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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• disease is - pathy

nu-rop'ah-the                       
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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• The suffix for prolapse or downward displacement
  is ptosis.

blef'ah-ro-to'sis                              
       
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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• The suffix for rupture is -rrhexis.
• Cardiiiorrhexis

kar'de-o-rek'sis                       
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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• trophy - Growth or nourishment
• Hypertrophy
• hi-per'tro-fe

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DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES

• fear phobia
• Hydrophobia

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PROCEDURE SUFFIXES

• ectomy - removal or excision
• salpingo tube
• oophoro ovary
• salpingo-oophorectomy

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PROCEDURE SUFFIXES

• -stomy surgical creation of an artificial
  opening
• colostomy
• ko-los'to-me

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PROCEDURE SUFFIXES

• binding or fixation is -desis
• Arthrodesis ar'thro-de'sis

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PROCEDURE SUFFIXES

• suspension or fixation -pexy.
• orchiopexy or'ke-o-pek'se

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PROCEDURE SUFFIXES

• plastic repair -plasty.
• Tympano eardrum
• Tympanoplasty tim'pah-no-plas'te

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PROCEDURE SUFFIXES

• -centesis puncture
• Arthrocentesis

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PROCEDURE SUFFIXES

• tomy - incision or cutting into
• Laparotomy

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PROCEDURE SUFFIXES

• -rrhaphy suture

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SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES

• algia pain. Dentalgia
• -genic producing or originating. Pyogenic
• -lysis destruction or breakdown Hemolysis
• rrhagia excessive flow or discharge. Hemorrhage
  
• excessive discharge or flow -rrhea. Diarrhea

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SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES

• Algia pain

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SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES

• Lysis destruction or breakdown

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SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES

• Rrhagia bursting forth with excessive flow or
  discharge

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SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES

• Rrhea flow or discharge

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SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES

• Penia deficiency or decrease

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SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES

• Spasm involuntary contraction

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PERTAINING TO SUFFIXES

• -ic pertaining to
• -ac pertaining to
• -al pertaining to
• -ar pertaining to
• Examples intercostal, cardiac, vascular,
• dermatotrophic

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SUFFIXES QUIZ

• The suffix "-osis" in the word dermatophytosis
  means
• Drooping
• Condition
• Dilation
• Growing

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SUFFIXES QUIZ

• The suffix "-megaly" in the word
  hepatosplenomegaly means
• Softening
• Enlargement
• Swelling
• Hardening

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SUFFIXES QUIZ

• The suffix "-iasis" in the word nephrolithiasis
  means
• Suspension/fixation
• Protrusion/swelling
• Growth/nourishment
• Condition/presence of

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SUFFIXES QUIZ

• The suffix "-ectomy" in the word
  salpingo-oophorectomy means
• Opening of
• Excision of
• Inspection of
• Suspension of

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SUFFIXES QUIZ

• The suffix "-ic" in the word otoscopic means
• pertaining to
• softening of
• condition of
• repair of

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SUFFIXES QUIZ

• The suffix "-centesis" in the word
  arthrocentesis means
• Originating in
• Pertaining to
• Puncture of
• Destruction of

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SUFFIXES QUIZ

• The suffix "-malacia" in the word chondromalacia
  means
• Hardening
• Producing
• Flowing
• Softening

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SUFFIXES QUIZ

• The suffix "-desis" in the word arthrodesis
  means
• Puncture
• Fixation
• Dilation
• Enlargement

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SUFFIXES QUIZ

• The suffix "-ar" in the word cardiovascular
  means
• Nourishment of
• Inspection of
• Pertaining to
• Softening of

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SUFFIXES QUIZ

• The suffix "-phobia" in the word hydrophobia
  means
• Disease of
• Fear of
• Like of
• Opening of

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MED TERM CONFUSION???

• EPONYM OR ACRONYM
• ILEUM OR ILIUM
• ARTERI/O, ATHER/O OR ARTHR/O
• INFECTION OR INFLAMMATION
• SIGN OR SYMPTOM
• DIAGNOSIS OR PROGNOSIS
• MUCOUS OR MUCUS
• LACERATION OR LESION

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MED TERM CONFUSION???

• MYC/O, MYEL/O OR MY/O
• OLOGIST OR OLOGY
• OSTOMY OR OTOMY
• PALPATION OR PALPITATION
• PROSTATE OR PROSTRATE
• PYEL/O, PY/O OR PYR/O
• SUPINATION OR SUPPURATION
• VIRAL OR VIRILE

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WORD PARTS MED TERM

• LETS FIND OUT WHAT WE KNOW
• Group Test!