Modern Firearms

1
Modern Firearms
2
Safety Mechanism

• Never trust the safety
• Prevents the firearm from firing
• Could fail!
• Dont be afraid to ask if you dont know how a
  firearm safety works

3
Damascus Barrel

• Older or custom made barrels which were typically
  made before the turn of the century
• Weaker than modern barrels
• Couldnt fire as far and straight

4
Airguns

• Pneumatic use a pump system
• CO2 Powered use compressed CO2 contained in a
  steel cylinder
• Spring involves a spring that is compressed by
  a lever

5
Rifles and Shotguns

• Use expanding gas from burning powder to force a
  bullet or shot out of the muzzle
• Main difference in shotgun and rifle is found
  inside the barrel
• Shotgun bore (inside of barrel) is thin and
  smooth
• Rifle bore are thicker and have grooves that
  spiral around the bore

6

• Grooves are called rifling
• Spins the bullet making it more accurate
• Caliber of a rifle is determined by measuring the
  width of the bore
• Shotgun sizes are given in gauges
• Gauges is usually marked on the rear of the barrel

7

• Always use the correct gauge shell in the same
  gauged shotgun (12-gauge shell in a 12 gauge
  shotgun)
• Rifle and shotguns are usually identified by
  their bore sizes and action designs
• Action in the part that moves the cartridges or
  shotshells into the chamber (loads, unloads, and
  ejects ammunition)

8
.22 Rifle
9
.22 Hornett
10
243
11
270
12
30-06
13
7 mm
14

• Stock, action, and barrel are 3 main components
  of guns
• There are 5 categories of actions
• - break
• -pump
• -lever
• -semi automatic
• -bolt

15
Rifle sights

• Open least accurate
• Peep or Aperture
• Telescope most accurate

16
Dominant Eye

• The one you should look through when sighting
• Keep both eyes open when shooting a shotgun
• Usually close one eye when shooting a rifle

17
Rifle positions

• Standing most difficult
• Kneeling forms a tripod
• Sitting forms a tripod
• Prone most stable (lying down)

18
Firing Techniques

• Hold breath
• Gently squeeze the trigger
• Apply steady pressure
• Never jerk or slap the trigger

19
Range or Distances

• .22 caliber bullet (rimfire) can be dangerous at
  a mile or more
• Centerfire bullets (.30-.30, .30-.06 etc) can be
  dangerous at more than 3 ½ miles

20
Ammunition

• Divided into two categories
• - cartridges handguns and rifles
• -shotshells shotguns

21
Ammunition

• Case
• Primer
• -centerfire or rimfire
• Smokeless powder
• Bullet

22
Shotguns

• Measured in gauges
• 10, 12, 16, 20, 28, and .410 are the most common
• The smaller the number, the larger the bore
  (inside of the barrel)

23
Shotgun positions

• Always fire from a standing position
• Slight bend to knees and elbows
• Lean forward a little

24
Shotgun range

• Not a long range gun
• Depends on the shotshell
• Average is within 45 yards

25
Shotgun choke

• Determines the spread or pettern of the shot
  after it leaves the barrel
• Three chokes
• -full most constricted
• -modified less constricted
• -improved cylinder less than modified
• -cylinder choke no constriction, shot spreads
  quickly

26
Ammunition

• Case
• Primer
• Smokeless
• Powder
• Wad and Shot