Hertford County Public Health Authority

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Hertford County Public Health Authority

• The Hertford County
• Public Health Authority
• OSHA
• Annual Safety Training
• A safe workplace is your right and your
  responsibility.

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Safety History in the Workplace

• The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
  (OHSA) aims to ensure worker safety and health in
  the United States by working with employers and
  employees to create better working environments.
  Since its inception in 1971, OSHA has helped to
  cut workplace fatalities by more than 60 percent
  and occupational injury and illness rates by 40
  percent. At the same time, U.S. employment has
  doubled from 56 million workers at 3.5 million
  worksites to more than 115 million workers at 7.2
  million sites.

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Topics of Discussion OSHA Annual Reviews

• Fire and Emergency
• Bloodborne Pathogens
• Hazard Communication
• Respiratory/TB

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Fire and Emergency
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Fire A Chemical Reaction

• Fire develops when 3 elements create a chain
  reaction
• Fuel solids (combustibles like paper, wood,
  rags), liquids (solvents, gasoline, oil),
  flammable gases and vapors.
• Oxygen The greater the concentration of oxygen,
  the brighter the blaze and the more rapid the
  burning. Try to reduce extra sources of oxygen.
• Ignition source such as sparks, arcs, flames,
  or sources of heat that could cause vaporization.

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Prevent Chemical Fires

• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
• Always review the MSDS before working a chemical.
  It will tell you how easily the substance can
  catch fire.
• Each facility has a MSDS manual for staff members
  to review.

• Things to Remember.
• Chemical labels often indicate a fire hazard by
  the color red combined with a number.
• Flammable chemicals generally catch fire easily.
• Flammable liquids like oil, gas, kerosene, and
  many solvents present unique fire hazards and
  give off vapors.

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FIRE AND EMERGENCY

• Workplace Fire and Emergency
• Know your escape route
• You can take steps everyday to prevent fire.
  Know the causes and how to prevent fires. Review
  escape routes and emergency plans. Each building
  and department has an Evacuation Route posted.
  Eliminate fire hazards through good housekeeping
  and safe work practices.

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Know how to escape a fire.Know your way out.
Fire Drills give us practice so we know what to
do when a real emergency occurs.
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Office Safety

• Dont overload electrical circuits or outlets.
  Pull the plug on equipment that sparks or smokes.
  Most workplace fires start from electrical
  equipment or system failure. Never place
  extension cords under carpets or rugs. Keep
  storage areas clear of rubbish.

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Think wisely before acting!!!
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Fire Extinguisher Safety

• Remember PASS when using a fire extinguisher
• Pull the pin
• Aim hose at the base of fire.
• Squeeze trigger
• Sweep back and forth with the extinguisher.

• Remember these Firefighting Tips
• Most fire extinguishers are
• emptied in less than a minute.
• Do not attempt to fight a large
• fire. Always leave yourself a
• way out-keep your back to an exit.

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BloodbornePathogen
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Bloodborne Pathogens

• In late 1991 the federal government enacted a new
  standard that set requirements for employers with
  employees who ran risk of being exposed to blood
  and human body fluids. The Bloodborne Pathogens
  Standard was a response to the growing danger
  posed by two bloodborne diseases human
  immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with its related
  disease of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
  (AIDS) and the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which can
  cause serious and life threatening illness. The
  standard was published by federal OSHA on
  December 6, 1991, and all provisions of the
  standard were in effect as of July 6, 1992.
  North Carolina adopted the same standard on
  December 10, 1991, with the same effective date .

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Your job is helping othersbut sometimes doing
your job may put your own health at risk.

• One such risk is exposure to bloodborne pathogens
  microorganisms such as the hepatitis virus,
  including Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C
  (HCV), and the human immunodeficiency virus
  (HIV), which causes AIDS (Acquired
  immunodeficiency syndrome).

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Your chance of being directly exposed to
bloodborne pathogens on the job are small.

• But keeping that chance to an absolute minimum is
  so important that your employer has established a
  written Exposure Control Program that follows
  regulations set up by the federal Occupational
  Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

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Your employers Exposure Control Plan will help
you do your job safely.

• The plan will include
• Universal or standard precautions
• Work practices, including the use of protective
  clothing, that eliminate or minimize employee
  exposure.
• Housekeeping procedures to ensure cleanliness and
  sanitation.
• Hepatitis B vaccinations for employees at risk.
  (There is no approved vaccine for hepatitis C.)
• Exposure evaluation and follow-up for exposure
  incidents.

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• Hazardous material container warnings, such as
  biohazard labels.
• Confidential, accurate employee medical records
• Account for innovations in procedure and
  technological developments (i.e., sliding sheath
  needles).
• A training program, so that you will know how to
  use all these preventive controls and practices
• Method used to solicit input from employees.

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To protect yourself against HIV and hepatitis
avoid direct exposure to infectious blood or body
fluids the prime transmitters of hepatitis and
HIV.

• Body Fluids that can transmit infection are
• Blood
• Semen
• Vaginal secretions
• Cerebrospinal fluid
• Synovial fluid
• Pleural fluid
• Pericardial fluid
• Peritoneal Fluid
• Amniotic Fluid
• Saliva (in dental procedures)
• Any unfixed human tissue or organ

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Take Precautions

• Universal Precautions - means you treat all blood
  and other potentially infectious body fluids as
  if they are infected.
• Standard Precautions - apply to (1) blood, (2)
  all body fluids, secretions, and excretions
  except sweat, (2) nonintact skin, and (4) mucous
  membranes.

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Do

• Wash hands and exposed skin with soap and water
  for at least 20 to 30 seconds immediately after
  exposure to infectious materials or after taking
  gloves or other personal protective equipment.
• Use antiseptic or nonabrasive cleansers or
  towelettes only if washing facilities arent
  available
• Minimize splashing, spraying, or spattering of
  blood or other potentially infectious materials
• Place contaminated sharps in assigned, labeled,
  puncture-resistant, leak-proof containers.

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Dont

• Dont shear or break contaminated needles or
  other sharps, and dont bend, recap, or remove
  unless specifically instructed.
• Dont keep food or drink in work areas with
  exposure potential.
• Dont eat, drink, smoke, apply cosmetics or lip
  balm, or handle contact lenses in work areas with
  exposure potential.

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• Remember
• Cover up Wear the protective clothing your
  employer provides.
• Good Housekeeping - Your employers written
  decontamination and cleaning schedule helps keep
  your workplace free of infection.
• Special jobs need special precautions
• If you are directly exposed, report it
  immediately!
• Protect yourself!
• Be sure you know and follow the regulations
  established by your employer and the federal
  government.

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Hazard Communication
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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
Understanding the Hazard Communication Standard
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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
Your Employer works hard to protect you against
dangers and hazardous chemicals. One way this is
accomplished is though safety training.
Another is through proper handling and safe
storage of chemicals.
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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health
Administration OSHA has a rule called the
Hazardous Communication Standard that helps your
employer keep you safe. This Rule states that
you have a RIGHT TO KNOW what hazards you face
and how to protect yourself against them.
THATS YOUR RIGHT TO KNOW!
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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
Chemicals are part of our lives.
Modern life would be impossible without
chemicals. Plastic, drugs, and cleaning
products are just a few of the things that depend
on chemicals. But chemicals have to be treated
with respect, too. Many can cause injury or
illness if they are not handled properly.
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Hertford County Public Health Authority
Why do we need the Hazard Communication Standard?
Before guidelines or informational sheets were
given out but they may not have provided enough
information to protect the employees. This is
why federal government decided to set a uniform
hazard communication standard.
Before the standards were pasted, there were no
guarantees that employees would be told about
chemical hazards they may face on the job.
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Hertford County Public Health Authority
Chemical Manufacturers have to determine physical
and health hazards of each product they make.
The they have to let the user know by providing
a label and the SDS for each product they make.
SDS STANDS FOR SAFETY DATA SHEET
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• Employers must develop a written hazard
  communication program.
• They must
• Tell employees about Hazard Communication
  Standards
• Explain how it is put into effect in their work
  place.
• Provide information and training on hazardous
  chemicals in their work places, this includes
• Recognize, understand, and use labels and SDS,
  and
• Use safe procedures when working with hazardous
  substances.

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Hertford County Public Health Authority
Employees have to do something to protect
themselves, too. This is achieved by reading
labels and SDSs and following instructions and
warnings.
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Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
Youll find chemicals in a lot of unexpected
places on the job

• Examples of chemicals found on the job
• Corrosive cleaners
• Pesticides
• Toner in office copier
• Toxic or flammable solvents
• Chlorine in swimming pools
• Oven cleaner

How do you know if something is hazardous?

1. Look on the container if chemical is hazardous it
   will say so.

So get into the habit of reading labels and
following instructions!
If you have questions ask your supervisors or
refer to MSDS
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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
How do you know if something is hazardous?
The first place to look is on the container of
the substance. There are many different types of
labels but if a chemical is hazardous, the label
will tell you. So play it safe! Get in the
habit of reading the labels on all containers-
and follow all instructions If you have
questions, ask your supervisor or refer to the
SDS.
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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
What goes on the LABELS?

1. Common name
2. Name, address, and emergency phone number of the
   company that made the chemicals.
3. Signal word. Signal words are ranked danger,
   warning, caution.
4. Principle hazards. Example will it explode?
5. Heath hazards. Examples is it toxic?

6. Precautionary measures. Includes basic
protective clothing, equipment, and procedures to
follow when working with chemical. 7. First Aid
8. Proper handling and storage instructions. 9.
Special concerns regarding children.
If a container does not have a label notify your
supervisor and ask for instructions.
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How will labels change under the revised Hazard
Communication Standard?

• Under the current Hazard Communication Standard
  (HCS), the label preparer must provide the
  identity of the chemical, and the appropriate
  hazard warnings. Labels will require the
  following elements

• Hazard Statement a statement assigned to a
  hazard class and category that describes the
  nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical, including,
  where appropriate, the degree of hazard.
• Precautionary Statement a phrase that describes
  recommended measures to be taken to minimize or
  prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure
  to a hazardous chemical, or improper storage or
  handling of a hazardous chemical.

• Pictogram a symbol plus other graphic elements,
  such as a border, background pattern, or color
  that is intended to convey specific information
  about the hazards of a chemical.
• Signal words a single word used to indicate the
  relative level of severity of hazard and alert
  the reader to a potential hazard on the label.
  The signal words used are "danger" and "warning."
  "Danger" is used for the more severe hazards,
  while "warning" is used for less severe hazards.

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Health Hazard Flame Exclamation Mark
Carcinogen Mutagenicity Reproductive Toxicity Respiratory Sensitizer Target Organ Toxicity Aspiration Toxicity Flammables Pyrophorics Self-Heating Emits Flammable Gas Self-Reactives Organic Peroxides Irritant (skin and eye) Skin Sensitizer Acute Toxicity (harmful) Narcotic Effects Respiratory Tract Irritant Hazardous to Ozone Layer(Non Mandatory)
Gas Cylinder Corrosion Exploding Bomb
Gases under Pressure Skin Corrosion/ burns Eye Damage Corrosive to Metals Explosives Self-Reactives Organic Peroxides
Flame over Circle Environment(Non Mandatory) Skull and Crossbones
Oxidizers Aquatic Toxicity Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)
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• Can I use a black border on pictograms for
  domestic shipment?
• Under the revised Hazard Communication Standard
  (HCS), pictograms must have red borders. OSHA
  believes that the use of the red frame will
  increase recognition and comprehensibility.
  Therefore, the red frame is required regardless
  of whether the shipment is domestic or
  international.
• Will OSHA allow blank red borders?
• The revised Hazard Communication Standard (HCS)
  requires that all red borders printed on the
  label have a symbol printed inside it. If OSHA
  were to allow blank red borders, workers may be
  confused about what they mean and concerned that
  some information is missing. OSHA has determined
  that prohibiting the use of blank red borders on
  labels is necessary to provide the maximum
  recognition and impact of warning labels and to
  ensure that users do not get desensitized to the
  warnings placed on labels.

• When must label information be updated?
• In the revised Hazard Communication Standard
  (HCS), OSHA is lifting the stay on enforcement
  regarding the provision to update labels when new
  information on hazards becomes available.
  Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors,
  or employers who become newly aware of any
  significant information regarding the hazards of
  a chemical shall revise the labels for the
  chemical within six months of becoming aware of
  the new information, and shall ensure that labels
  on containers of hazardous chemicals shipped
  after that time contain the new information. If
  the chemical is not currently produced or
  imported, the chemical manufacturer, importer,
  distributor, or employer shall add the
  information to the label before the chemical is
  shipped or introduced into the workplace again.

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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
The Safety Data Sheet ( SDS)

• The SDS is your guide to workplace safety.
• The SDS Covers
• Identity who makes it, their address, emergency
  numbers and date prepared.
• Hazardous Ingredients components, chemical id,
  and common names.
• Physical Hazards fire and explosion and ways to
  handle those hazards.
• Physical and chemical characteristics
• Boiling point, vapor pressure, vapor density,
  melting point, evaporation rate, water
  solubility, appearance and odor under normal
  conditions.

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Hertford County Public Health Authority
The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (Cont.)

• Reactivity tells you whether the substance is
  stable.
• Precautions for safe handling and use.
• What to do if chemical spills or leaks.
• How to dispose of chemical
• Equipment and procedures for cleaning spills
• Health hazards tells you how the chemical could
  enter the body.
• Examples Inhaling, Through skin, or Swallowing,
  eye irritation, nausea dizziness, skin rashes,
  headache, and existing medical conditions that
  could be aggravated by exposure.

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The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (Cont.)

• Plus
• How to handle the substance properly
• How to store it
• Emergency and first aid procedures if an accident
  occurs.
• Any other precautions

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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
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Hertford County Public Health Authority
The Safety Data Sheet ( SDS) (Cont.)
The SDS gives you everything you need to work
safely with chemicals. BE prepared and read the
MSDS before you start a job. You can find
everything that is known about the chemical, its
hazards, and the things you can do to avoid
injury and illness when handling the hazardous
substances.

• Control Measures such as
• Respirator
• Gloves
• Eye protection
• Protective clothing
• Ventilation

• Special work or hygiene practices that should be
  followed.

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• How is the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) changing under
  the revised Hazard Communication Standard?
• The information required on the safety data sheet
  (SDS) will remain essentially the same as that in
  the current standard. The current Hazard
  Communication Standard (HCS) indicates what
  information has to be included on an SDS but does
  not specify a format for presentation or order of
  information. The revised HCS requires that the
  information on the SDS is presented using
  consistent headings in a specified sequence.

• The SDS format is the same as the ANSI standard
  format which is widely used in the U.S. and is
  already familiar to many employees.
• The format of the 16-section SDS should include
  the following sections
• Section 1. Identification Section 9. Physical
  and chemical propertiesSection 2. Hazard(s)
  identification Section 10. Stability and
  reactivitySection 3. Composition/information on
  ingredients Section 11. Toxicological
  informationSection 4. First-Aid
  measures Section 12. Ecological
  informationSection 5. Fire-fighting
  measures Section 13. Disposal
  considerationsSection 6. Accidental release
  measures Section 14. Transport
  informationSection 7. Handling and
  storage Section 15. Regulatory
  informationSection 8. Exposure controls/personal
  protection Section 16. Other information,
  including date of preparation or last
  revision Sections 12-15 may be
  included in the SDS, but are not
  required by OSHA

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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
What else does the Hazard Communication Standard
cover?

• Employers are making Right to Know part of
  their training programs.
• That way youll know
• About the Hazard Communication Standard and what
  it requires
• Where you can find your companys written hazard
  communication program. Lists of hazardous
  chemicals, and SDSs on each chemical in your
  workplace
• What information means on container labels and
  SDSs
• How to use the information thats provided
• About your companys other procedures and
  equipment that will help you handle hazardous
  substances safely.

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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
A lot is up to you now!

• Only you can keep your self safe on the job!
• Follow these commonsense rules
• Identify hazards before you start a job
• Respect all precautions
• Ask your supervisor when in doubt
• Know in advance what could go wrong and what to
  do
• Know how and where to get help
• Learn basic first aid measures.

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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
The standard means that you have a Right to
Know about Chemical Hazards in the workplace!

• But remember, hazardous communication can protect
  only if YOU
• Read labels and SDSs
• Follow warnings and instructions
• Use the correct protective clothing and equipment
• Learn emergency procedures
• Practice sensible, safe work habits.

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Why did OSHA decide to modify the Hazard
Communication Standard to adopt the GHS?

• Adoption of the GHS in the US and around the
  world will also help to improve information
  received from other countriessince the US is
  both a major importer and exporter of chemicals,
  American workers often see labels and safety data
  sheets from other countries. The diverse and
  sometimes conflicting national and international
  requirements can create confusion among those who
  seek to use hazard information effectively.

• OSHA has modified the Hazard Communication
  Standard (HCS) to adopt the GHS to improve safety
  and health of workers through more effective
  communications on chemical hazards.
• While the available information has been helpful
  in improving employee safety and health, a more
  standardized approach to classifying the hazards
  and conveying the information will be more
  effective, and provide further improvements in
  American workplaces.
• The GHS provides such a standardized approach,
  including detailed criteria for determining what
  hazardous effects a chemical poses, as well as
  standardized label elements assigned by hazard
  class and category. In addition, the safety data
  sheet requirements establish an order of
  information that is standardized. The harmonized
  format of the safety data sheets will enable
  employers, workers, health professionals, and
  emergency responders to access the information
  more efficiently and effectively, thus increasing
  their utility.

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What is the phase-in period in the revised Hazard
Communication Standard?

• The table below summarizes the phase-in dates
  required under the revised Hazard Communication
  Standard (HCS)
• This date coincides with the EU implementation
  date for classification of mixtures

Effective Completion Date Requirement(s) Who
December 1, 2013 Train employees on the new label elements and safety data sheet (SDS) format. Employers
June 1, 2015 December 1, 2015 Compliance with all modified provisions of this final rule, except The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled by the chemical manufacturer or importer unless it is a GHS label Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers
June 1, 2016 Update alternative workplace labeling and hazard communication program as necessary, and provide additional employee training for newly identified physical or health hazards. Employers
Transition Period to the effective completion dates noted above May comply with either 29 CFR 1910.1200 (the final standard), or the current standard, or both Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors, and employers
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Why must training be conducted prior to the
compliance effective date?

• OSHA is requiring that employees are trained on
  the new label elements (e.g., pictograms and
  signal words) and SDS format by December 2013,
  while full compliance with the final rule will
  begin in 2015.
• While many countries are in various stages of
  implementing the GHS, OSHA believes that it is
  possible that American workplaces may begin to
  receive labels and SDSs that are consistent with
  the GHS shortly after publication.

• Thus, making it important to ensure that when
  employees begin to see the new labels and SDSs in
  their workplaces, they will be familiar with
  them, understand how to use them, and access the
  information effectively.

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What are the major changes to the Hazard
Communication Standard?

• The three major areas of change are in hazard
  classification, labels, and safety data sheets.
• Hazard classification The definitions of hazard
  have been changed to provide specific criteria
  for classification of health and physical
  hazards, as well as classification of mixtures.
• Labels Chemical manufacturers and importers will
  be required to provide a label that includes a
  harmonized signal word, pictogram, and hazard
  statement for each hazard class and category.
  Precautionary statements must also be provided.
• Safety Data Sheets Will now have a specified
  16-section format.

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Disease Prevention, Health Protection, Health
Promotion. Everywhere. Everyday. Everybody.
Hertford County Public Health Authority
Now lets see what you have learned.
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Respiratory Protection
Information to follow regarding in-service and
fit testing.
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Hertford County Public Health Authority Employees
are required to have annual fit testing and
respiratory updates

• Annual fit testing will be done at each site.
  Please contact you safety committee members for
  times and dates.

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OSHA
Member Beverly Pierce, Tracy Bristow, JoAnne
Futrell, Tomeka Holloman, Jeanette Stalling,
Betty Corum, Renee Davenport and Deneen Robbins.