Macbeth by William Shakespeare

1
Macbethby William Shakespeare

• A series of images and illustrations

2
The Real Macbeth Early Scottish Kings

• Kenneth MacAlpin 843-859 (first to unite
  Scotland)
• Donald I 858-862
• Constantine I 862-877
• Aed 877-878
• Eochaid 878-889
• Giric 889
• Donald II 889-900
• Constantine II 900-943
• Malcolm I 943-954
• Indulf 954-962
• Dubh 962-966
• Cullen 966-971
• Kenneth II 971-995
• Constantine III 995-997
• Kenneth III 997-1005
• Malcolm II 1005-1034
• Duncan I 1034-1040 (grandson of Malcolm II ,
  killed by Macbeth in battle)
• Macbeth 1040-1057 (grandson of Kenneth II, killed
  by Malcolm III, Duncans son)
• Lulach 1057-1058 (stepson of Macbeth, is killed
  by Malcolm III)

• Early kings were numerous it was not uncommon to
  kill your predecessor, only to be killed by your
  successor

The Stone of Scone
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Later Scottish Kings

• James IV 1488-1513 (son of James III Margaret
  of Denmark, marries Margaret Tudor)
• James V 1513-1542 (marries Mary of Guise, has
  daughter Mary)
• Mary Queen of Scots 1542-1587 (beheaded as
  Catholic threat to English throne, ironically was
  in England to escape growing Protestant movement
  (Presbyterianism) in Scotland
• James VI 1587-1625 (son of Mary Henry Stuart,
  grandson of Margaret Tudor, eldest sister of
  Henry VII of England (1485-1509)

• Through intermarriage, James VI of Scotland
  became James I of Scotland when Elizabeth (Tudor)
  I died childless in 1603

James I of England (king, 1603-1625)
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King James the author

• James was a scholar on witchcraft, which many
  people believed in at the time
• He published Daemonologie in 1597
• Its full name is "Daemonologie, In Forme of a
  Dialogie, Diuided into three Bookes. By James Rx"

Above a contemporary portrait of King
James Right The original cover and insert page
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King James the patron

• James was also a patron of the arts
• Shakespeares theatre group, formerly known as
  Lord Chamberlains Men changed their name to
  The Kings Men

Top inside the Blackfriars theatre. Left its
location
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The King James Bible, 1611

• God is our refuge and strength, a very present
  help in trouble. Therefore will not we fear,
  though the earth be removed, and though the
  mountains be carried into the midst of the sea
  though the waters thereof roar and be troubled,
  though the mountains shake with the swelling
  thereof. There is a river, the streams whereof
  shall make glad the city of God, the holy place
  of the tabernacles of the most High. God is in
  the midst of her she shall not be moved God
  shall help her, and that right early. The heathen
  raged, the kingdoms were moved he uttered his
  voice, the earth melted. The LORD of hosts is
  with us the God of Jacob is our refuge. Come,
  behold the works of the LORD, what desolations he
  hath made in the earth. He maketh wars to cease
  unto the end of the earth he breaketh the bow,
  and cutteth the spear in sunder he burneth the
  chariot in the fire. Be still, and know that I am
  God I will be exalted among the heathen, I will
  be exalted in the earth. The LORD of hosts is
  with us the God of Jacob is our refuge.

• To strengthen Protestantism in England, James
  commissioned a new edition of the Bible in
  English
• Many of the top poets and writers of the time
  contributed they may have placed an obscure
  tribute to Shakespeare who was age 46 in it.
• Read Psalm 46 (right). Look at the 46th word from
  the beginning and end.

Right an image of the original insert page
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Macbeth The First Folio edition, 1623, and a
map of Macbeths Scotland
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Scotland Macbeth meets the witches on a heath
windblown plains that cover much of Scotland
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An introduction to Macbeths character

• By Sinels death I know that I am thane of
  Glamis (1, 3, 74)
• Glamis castle, pictured today
• Glamis castle is not visited in Macbeth

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Macbeth the warrior

• For brave Macbeth... Disdaining fortune, with
  his brandishd steel...Like valours minion
  carved out his passage/ Till he faced the slave/
  Which neer shook hands, nor bade farewell to
  him,/ Till he unseamd him from the nave to the
  chaps,/ And fixd his head upon our battlements.
  (1,2,18-25)

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Macbeth the warrior

• The weapon of choice of a warrior such as Macbeth
  is called a claymore
• It is a large sword that only the most skilled
  and strong would be able to use
• The statute is of Robert the Bruce, King of
  Scotland
• He was king from 1306-1329, a long time for that
  period

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Macbeths prophecy

• First Witch All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee,
  thane of Glamis!
• Second Witch All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee,
  thane of Cawdor!
• Third Witch All hail, Macbeth! That shalt be
  king hereafter! (1, 3, 50-53)

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Macbeths prophecy

• Cawdor Castle, pictured today
• Cawdor, of course, is only mentioned Duncan is
  killed at Inverness
• Macbeth spends his last days at Dunsinane

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Fulfilling prophecy

• If it is done, when tis done, then twere well/
  It were done quickly. (1, 7, 1-2)
• Is this a dagger I see before me,/ The handle
  toward my hand? Come, let me clutch thee. (2, 1,
  40-41)
• To be thus is nothing/ But to be safely thus
  our fears in Banquo/ Stick deep...Upon my head
  they placed a fruitless crown,/ And put a barren
  sceptre in my gripe. (3, 1, 52-66)

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Macbeths castle

• Duncan From hence to Inverness,/ And bind us
  further to you. (1, 4, 48-49)
• Lady Macbeth The raven himself is hoarse/ That
  croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan/ Under my
  battlements. (1, 5, 41-43)
• Duncan This castle hath a pleasant seat the
  air/ Nimbly and sweetly recommends itself/ unto
  our gentle senses. (1, 6, 1-3)

Inverness Castle
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Becoming king

• Ross Tis most like/ the sovereignty will fall
  upon Macbeth...Will you to Scone?
• Macduff No, cousin, Ill to Fife. (2, 4, 38-47)

The stone (left) resides in Edinburgh Castle
(top), today under a throne (right)
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The Third Meeting

• First Witch Round about the cauldron go/ In
  the poisond entrails go...Second Witch Eye of
  newt and toe of frog,/ Wool of bat, and tongue of
  dog...Third Witch Liver of blaspheming Jew,/
  Gall of goat, and slips of yew,/ Sliverd in the
  moons eclipse,/ Nose of Turk and Tartars lips,/
  Finger of birth-strangled babe,/ Ditch deliverd
  by a drab. (4, 1, 5-31)

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Mass Murder

• The castle of Macduff I will surprise/ Seize
  upon Fife give to the edge o the sword/ His
  wife, his babes, and all unfortunate souls/ That
  trace him in his line. (4, 1, 164-167)

The ruins of a castle at Fife
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Birnam Wood and Dunsinane
Dunsinane Hill, with Birnam Wood in
the distance

• Macbeth Till Birnam wood remove to Dunsinane/ I
  cannot
• taint with fear.
• (5, 3, 2-3)
• Siward What wood is
• this before us?
• Menteith The wood of Birnam.
• Malcolm Let every soldier hew him down a bow,/
  And beart before him. (5, 4, 4-7)

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Macbeth remember, its a tragedy!
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Macbeth lives on
Two films, a play with Captain Jean-Luc
Picard and a British pub

• The Scottish Play appears again and again