The future and the future of probability

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The future tense
(El futuro)
2
The Spanish future tense is formed with only one
set of endings for the -ar, -er, and -ir verbs.
For regular verbs, the endings are attached to
the infinitive, as follows
hablar
é
emos
hablar
éis
hablar
ás
hablar
á
hablar
án
hablar
á
hablar
hablar
án
Again, the infinitive is the basis for all forms
of regular verbs.
Notice that all forms except nosotros/as carry a
written accent.
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The Future Tense
Notice the following chart
tomar
comer
vivir
yo
tomaré
comeré
viviré
tú
tomarás
comerás
vivirás
él, ella, Ud.
tomará
comerá
vivirá
nosotros/as
tomaremos
comeremos
viviremos
vosotros/as
tomaréis
comeréis
viviréis
ellos/as, Uds.
tomarán
comerán
vivirán
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In the present tense, we might say . . .
En la clase,
habl
español con el profesor,
o
le
o
un cuento chistoso, y
escrib
o
unas frases.
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In the future tense, we would say . . .
Esta tarde cuando llegue a casa,
español con el profesor,
aré
habl
o
con mi mamá,
le
o
un cuento chistoso, y
eré
una revista, y
escrib
o
unas frases.
iré
un mensaje electrónico.
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Some Facts About the Future Tense
As in English, the Spanish future tense expresses
what will happen in the future. The English
equivalent is will verb.
Estudiaré informática en la universidad.
I will study computer science at the university.
Ustedes comprarán pronto otro disco duro.
You will buy a new hard drive soon.
Keep in mind that in English the subject and will
are often contracted Youll buy a new hard
drive soon.
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Some Facts About the Future Tense
Remember, however, that the present tense is
often used to express immediate future in Spanish.
El técnico viene para arreglar mi computadora hoy.
The technician will come (is coming) to fix my
computer today.
Termino mi trabajo esta tarde.
I will finish my paper this afternoon.
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Some Facts About the Future Tense
The future may also be conveyed with the present
tense of ir a infinitive.
Voy a arreglar la computadora.
I am going to fix the computer.
Vas a archivar ese documento?
Are you going to save that document?
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Some Facts About the Future Tense
The idea of willingness, sometimes expressed with
the English future, cannot be expressed with the
Spanish future tense. Use verbs like querer or
the simple present tense to express willingness.
Quieres ayudarme con la impresora?
Will you help me with the printer?
Me traes el otro programa?
Will you bring me the other program?
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Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense
Irregular verbs in the future are formed by
adding the future endings to an irregular stem.
The irregular stems can be grouped into three
categories.
1. Drop two letters to form the stem of the
future.
decir
d
ec
ir
-
diré
diremos
diréis
dirás
dirán
dirá
hacer
ha
ce
r
-
haré
haremos
harás
haréis
harán
hará
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Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense
Irregular verbs in the future are formed by
adding the future endings to an irregular stem.
The irregular stems can be grouped into three
categories.
2. The e of the infinitive ending is dropped to
form the stem of the future.
haber
hab
e
r
-
habré, habrás, . . .
poder
pod
e
r
-
podré, podrás, . . .
querer
quer
e
r
-
querré, querrás, . . .
saber
sab
e
r
-
sabré, sabrás, . . .
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Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense
Irregular verbs in the future are formed by
adding the future endings to an irregular stem.
The irregular stems can be grouped into three
categories.
3. The e or the i of the infinitive ending is
replaced by d to form the stem of the future.
poner
pon
e
r
-
d
pondré, pondrás, . . .
salir
sal
i
r
-
d
saldré, saldrás, . . .
ten
tener
e
r
-
d
tendré, tendrás, . . .
i
d
venir
ven
r
-
vendré, vendrás, . . .
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A Special Use of the Future Tense
Probability or conjecture with regard to the
present is often expressed in Spanish with the
future tense. This use of the future has many
equivalents in English for example probably,
may, I wonder, etc.
Dónde estará Antonio?
I wonder where Antonio is?
Estará jugando juegos electrónicos.
Hes probably playing computer games.
Qué hora será?
What time must it be?
Serán las seis.
It must be six.
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FIN