Eco-Industrial Development

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Eco-Industrial Development
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State of the Environment

• Increasing environmental stress caused by
  pollution
• Depleting of natural resources
• Threats to human health

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World Population increased from 2.6 billion in
1950 to 5.8 billion in 1995
Efficiency of Production
x
x
Population (2.6B)
Resource Use
GLOBAL IMPACT

Traditionally, efficient production means maximum
output at the least cost, and often at the
expense of a degraded environment.
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more consumption requires increased
agricultural production
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faster rate of extraction and use of
resources
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need for more space that involves sacrificing
of natural ecosystems
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to build our homes and service infrastructures,
to provide a place for business or trade.
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and to put our garbage in.
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greater demand for transportation and
electricity that means greater fuel consumption
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and increased pollution of water and air that
can have far-reaching effects on human health.
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Rapid industrialization adverse environmental
impacts (pollution, resource depletion, etc.)
defeats Sustainable
Development meeting the needs of the present
generation without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs.
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Potential environmental impacts
Contaminated soil and lost future land use
Local nuisances such as noise, lighting and
transport
Spills
Exposure to toxic chemicals
Landscape disturbance
Risks from hazardous waste
Habitat degradation
Air pollution
Ozone-depleting and greenhouse gases
Marine pollution
Disposal of solid wastes
Freshwater pollution
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Product Life Cycle System
Closed-Loop Recycling
Remanufacturing
Recycling
Manufacture Assembly
Engineered Specialty Materials
Use Service
Reuse
Retirement
Open Loop Recycling Material downcycling Into
another product system
Bulk Processing
Treatment Disposal
Raw Material Acquisition
Transfer of materials Between stages
Earth Biosphere
Untreated residuals
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• The Human Consumption Pattern
• Mass Production Customization
• Mass Consumption Mass Disposal

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The concept of Industrial Ecology The
traditional model of industrial activity should
be transformed in a more integrated model an
industrial ecosystem. ()
R. Frosch N. Gallopoulos, General Motors
Laboratories, 1989
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Industrial Ecology as a metaphor The
industrial ecosystem would function similar to a
biological ecosystem
R. Frosch N. Gallopoulos, General Motors
Laboratories, 1989
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First idea industrial food chains In such a
system the consumption of energy and materials is
optimized and the effluents of one process serve
as the raw material for another process. R.
Frosch N. Gallopoulos, 1989
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Industrial Ecologys Approach
Upstream Production
CLOSE THE LOOP
RE-USE
RECYCLE
Downstream Production
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Kalundborg, Denmark
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(No Transcript)
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WASTE MANAGEMENT HEIRARCHY
Source Reduction
recycling
Most Desirable
Waste treatment
disposal
Least Desirable
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Industrial Ecology

• Approach to managing human activity on a
  sustainable basis by
• essential integration of human systems into
  natural systems
• Minimizing energy and materials usage
• Minimizing the ecological impact of human
  activity to levels natural systems can sustain.

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What can be shared?

• Energy
• Water
• Waste/recovery/recycling/substitution
• Information
• Regulatory functions
• Transportation systems
• Marketing
• Other covenants

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Looking beyond Regional Metabolism
Industry Process
Source Erkman Ramaswamy
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Industrial Metabolism conceptual framework
Biosphere
Minerals, ores, energy carriers Water Air Harveste
d biomass, hunting, fishing
Waste deposits Waste Water Emissions to
air Fertilizer, pesticides, dissipative losses
Industrial System
Input
Output
Translocations
Source Wuppertal Institut
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• WASTE
• RESOURCE

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Why participatory ? Its complicated enough!

• Participation

• Ownership

creates

• Commitment

creates

• Apropriate Solutions

creates
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(No Transcript)
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PALAWAN SEAWEED INDUSTRY Some Issues and
Opportunities
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PROBLEMS OF INDUSTRY

1. Production
2. Marketing
3. Finance
4. Other concerns

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Distribution Channels of Seaweed
Farmer
Small Traders/ Viajeros
Barangay Traders
Big Traders/ Buying Stations
Export Traders
Processors
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PRODUCTION STATISTICS

• developed area for production
• 7,748 ha - Class A
• 322 ha - Class B
• total potential area
• 9,333 ha - Class A
• 1,883 ha - Class B
• 1,150 ha - Class C

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BIOLOGY OF SEAWEED

• Seaweed is a mass of marine algae
• simple structured organisms with no true leaves,
  stems, roots and wood vessels
• reproduces through spore production

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PRODUCTION AREA

• Palawan as main Philippine producer
• 8,070 ha developed for production
• 12,366 ha potential area
• Productions annual increase of 16.

grnweed.jpg / 216 x 254 pixels -
16.7kBcarrageenan.cebu.ph/seaweed.html
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PRODUCTION

• 1998 production
• Province - 141,301 MT
• Total Philippines - 643,043 MT
• Major markets are Manila and Cebu

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Annual production of dried seaweed in Palawan in
Palawan by municipality
MUNICIPALITY ANNUAL PRODUCTION (TONS) ANNUAL PRODUCTION (TONS) ANNUAL PRODUCTION (TONS) ANNUAL PRODUCTION (TONS) ANNUAL PRODUCTION (TONS)
MUNICIPALITY 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Agutaya 7,200 8,385 9,766 11,374 13,247
Araceli 180 210 246 286 334
Balabac 600 699 814 948 1,104
Busuanga 60 71 83 97 114
Cagayancillo 4,800 5,591 6,512 7,584 8,834
Culion 30 35 41 48 57
Cuyo 840 978 1,140 1,329 1,548
Linapacan 18 21 24 28 33
Quezon 60 71 83 97 114
Roxas 480 559 651 759 884
Taytay 360 420 489 570 665
TOTAL 14,628 17,040 19,849 23,120 26,934
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PALAWAN SEAWEED INDUSTRY

• Two largest producing municipalities
• Agutaya share - 49.2
• Cagayancillo share -32.8

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PALAWAN SEAWEED INDUSTRY

• Classification of municipalities based on number
  of months of production
• Class A
• Class B
• Class C

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PRODUCTION STATISTICS

• developed area for production
• 7,748 ha - Class A
• 322 ha - Class B
• total potential area
• 9,333 ha - Class A
• 1,883 ha - Class B
• 1,150 ha - Class C

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Systems make it possible, People make it happen.