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Public health

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Title: Public health


1
Public health
  • ???

2
introduction
  • Public health is "the science and art of
    preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting
    health through the organized efforts for the
    sanitation of the environment, the control of
    communicable infections, the education of the
    individual in personal hygiene, the organization
    of medical and nursing services for the early
    diagnosis and preventive treatment of

3
  • disease, and the development of the social
    machinery to insure everyone a standard of living
    adequate for the maintenance of health. So
    organizing these benefits as to enable every
    citizen to realize his birthright of health and
    longevity. Provided by Dr. Winslow, 1920.
  • From ????????(3rd edition), p.5.

4
  • The population in question can be as small as a
    handful of people or as large as all the
    inhabitants of several continents (for instance,
    in the case of a pandemic). Public health is
    typically divided into epidemiology,
    biostatistics and health services. Environmental,
    social, behavioral, and occupational health are
    also important subfields.

5
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6
Causes of top ten deaths
  • Cancer, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease,
    diabetes mellitus, accidents, pneumonia, chronic
    liver disease, nephritis,
  • Suicides, hypertension.---2007 (Taiwan)

7
Demographics of Taiwan
  • This article is about the demographic features of
    the population in Taiwan, including population
    density, ethnicity, education level, health of
    the populace, economic status, religious
    affiliations and other aspects of the population.

8
  • The population in Taiwan was estimated in June
    2009 at 23,063,027 spread across a total land
    area of 35,980 km², making it the fifteenth most
    densely populated country in the world with a
    population density of 635 people per km².
    According to official governmental statistics,
    98 of Taiwan's population is made up of Han
    Chinese, while 2 are Taiwanese aborigines.
  • Around 93 of the religious population are
    followers of a mixture of Buddhism, Taoism, and
    Confucianism, while a minority 4.5 are followers
    of Christianity.

9
  • Taiwan is suffering from a decline in birth rates
    with a population growth of just 0.23 and a
    fertility rate of 1.12 children (below the 2.1
    births average needed to replace the existing
    population) for the year 2007. The official
    national language is Standard Mandarin, although
    a majority also speak Taiwanese and Hakka.
  • Japanese speakers are becoming rare as the
    elderly generation who lived under Japanese rule
    are dying out. Aboriginal languages are gradually
    becoming extinct as the aborigines have become
    acculturated despite a program by the ROC
    government to preserve the languages.

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11
  • 1Taiwan Province??? or ???
  • 18,590,635
  • 2Taipei City ???2,620,693
  • 3Kaohsiung City???1,511,601
  • 4Fukien Province???82,618 Total  22,805,547

12
Life expectancy at birth
  • Taiwan is ranked 51st in the world for highest
    life expectancy at birth.
  • Gender Life expectancy
  • Male75.12 years
  • Female81.05 years
  • Average77.96 years
  • Source CIA World Factbook (2009 est.)

13
HIV/AIDS
  • Main article HIV/AIDS in Taiwan
  • The first reported case of HIV/AIDS was recorded
    in December 1984 and the first local infection
    recorded in February 1986.
  • As of May 2006, there were 11,486 recorded cases
    of HIV of which 2,631 were confirmed with AIDS.
    There were 1,425 deaths leaving 10,029 people
    living with HIV/AIDS. This is less than 0.5 of
    the total population of Taiwan.

14
  • Statistics by the Center for Disease Control show
    that the gender distribution of infected person
    was 90 male and 10 female.
  • Data PopulationAdult prevalence11,486
  • People living with HIV/AIDS10,029Deaths1,425
  • Source Center for Disease Control (CDC),
    Republic of China - May 2006 est.

15
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