EXERCISING WITH EXPONENTS

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EXERCISING WITH EXPONENTS

• Uses of Exponents in Real Life
• By Patricia Crocker

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Parts of an Exponent
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Generations in Powers of Two
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Why We Need Exponents

• To write large numbers and small numbers more
  efficiently.
• 4,504,000,000 or .0000003847
• To compute with large and small numbers more
  easily.
• 3,000,000,000 x 478,000,000

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• To work with very large or small numbers on a
  calculator.
• 4.67892305 E 25
• To write variable expressions more concisely.

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Astronomy
Whitebirds by Roger Hopkins. Website
antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/archivepix.html
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The Milky Way
Composed for the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey
(CGPS) by Jayanne English (CGPS/U. Manitoba) with
the support of A.R. Taylor (CGPS/U. Calgary)
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Inner Planets
The Nine Planets by Bill Arnett. Website
seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/ninep
lanets.html
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Outer Planets
The Nine Planets by Bill Arnett. Website
seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/ninep
lanets.html
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Animated Distance Between Planets

• http//earthsci.terc.edu/content/visualizations/es
  2701/es2701page01.cfm?chapter_no27
• http//earthsci.terc.edu/content/visualizations/es
  2701/es2701page01.cfm?chapter_novisualization

Visualizations available for Earth Science
textbooks published by McDougal Littel, a
division of Houghton Miffllin
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Biology
Courtesy of A. Malcom Campbell, Davidson
College. Taken from www.bio.davidson.edu/genomics
.
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Moebius Molecule
Composed by Dr. Jiri Kolafa, Prague Institute of
Chemical Technology. Website
www.icpf.cas.cz/jiri/pic.htm
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Nanotube Molecule

• A carbon nanotube is a layer graphite that has
  been rolled up into a cylinder.
• Depending on the way in which it is rolled, one
  can produce a conducting, semi-conducting, or
  insulating nanotube.
• Diameters are between 1 and 10 nanometers or
  .000000001

Composed by Dr. Jiri Kolafa, Prague Institute of
Technology. Website www.icpf.cas.cz/jiri/pic.ht
m
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Crambins Molecule
Composed by Dr. Jiiri Kolafa, Prague Institute of
Chemical Technology. Website
www.icpf.cas.cz/jiri/pic.htm
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Scientific Notation

• Astronomy
• Neptune - 4,504,000,000 km
• 4.504 x 109
• Biology
• Nanotube - .000000001
• 1 x 10-9

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SI Prefixes
Website http//zebu.uoregon.edu/jsglossary/expon
ents.html
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Earthquakes
Courtesy of sfmuseum.org, The Virtual Museum of
San Francisco
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Earthquake Waves

• http//earthsci.terc.edu/content/visualizations/es
  2701/es2701page01.cfm?chapter_no27
• Chapter 10

Visualizations available for Earth Science
textbooks published by McDougal Littlel, a
division of Houghton Mifflin
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Earthquake SeverityRichter Magnitudes

• Under 3.5
• Generally not felt, but recorded
• 3.5 4.8
• Dishes rattle hanging objects sway
• People indoors feel movement.
• Doors swing dishes break liquids spill.
• 4.8 6.2
• People have difficulty walking and standing.
• Furniture moves pictures and loose bricks fall.
• Drivers feel cars shaking
• Slight damage to well-built buildings
  considerable damage in poorly built buildings.

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• 6.2 7.3
• Difficulty steering cars houses shift
• Houses move off foundations ground cracks
• Buildings destroyed large landslides occur
• Greater than 7.0 is a major earthquake.
• 7.3 8.9
• Roads break up most buildings collapse large
  cracks in ground underground pipes destroyed
• Greater than 8.0 is a great earthquake.

Magnitude and Intensity of Earthquakes.
www.geo.arizona.edu/K-12/azpepp/education/history/
chile/mag_int.html Seismic Intensity Scales.
www.il-st-acad-sci.org/ingdom/geo1001.html
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Meaning of Richter Scale

• All earthquakes are compared to a zero-level
  earthquake whose seismographic reading measures
  .001 mm at a distance of 100 km from the
  epicenter.
• A magnitude of 1 means that the intensity is 10
  times a zero-level quake.
• A magnitude of 2 means the intensity is 100 times
  a zero-level quake or 102.

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• Magnitude Times a zero-level quake
• 1 101 10
• 2 102 100
• 3 103 1000
• .
• .
• 9 109 ?
• Each magnitude is 10 times greater than the
  preceding magnitude.

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Formula for Richter Scale
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Great San Francisco Earthquake Apr. 18, 1906

• Magnitude of 8.3
• Much destruction since buildings were not
  constructed for earthquakes
• Mayor gave order for police to shoot to kill
  looters

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City Hall
Courtesy of USGS. Website quake.wr.usgs.gov/inf
o/1906/
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Twisted Metal
Courtesy of USGS. Website quake.wr.usgs.gov/inf
o/1906/
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Yellowstone Aug. 17,1959
Given verbal permission. Website
www.westyellowstonenet.com/attractions/quake_lake.
htm
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Alaska Mar. 27, 1964Good Friday Quake

• Magnitude of 8.4
• Largest ever recorded in the Northern Hemisphere
• 2nd largest of the 20th century
• Tsunami reached California and Hawaii

Courtesy of Tom Irvine. Website
www.vibrationdata.com/earthquakes/alaska.htm
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Chile May 22, 1960

• Magnitude of 8.5
• Largest ever recorded
• One-third of all buildings in the country were
  destroyed

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Loma Prieta, CA Oct. 17, 1989

• Magnitude of 7.0
• Occurred at 504 PM just before the 3rd game of
  the World Series (Oakland vs. San Francisco)
• Part of San Francisco Bay Bridge and Nimitz
  freeway collapsed

Courtesy of sfmuseum.org, The Virtual Museum of
San Francisco
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Central Virginia Earthquake

• Magnitude of 4.5
• Where were you when it struck?
• Did you feel it?
• Have you experienced an earthquake anywhere else?

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