Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherima Wild.) Pot ( Christmas Tree)

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Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherima Wild.) Pot(
Christmas Tree)

• Point of interest ? color of bract

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• Tip of a leaf ? short day condition
• become red
• pink
• yellow (depend on varieties)
• Stem cylindric, have with latex
• Leaf ellips, sdkt bersudut, length 10-21cm
• Local shape of leaf ? egg round
• Import varieties
• Bract ? not a part of flower
• Flower appear on tip of plant with Short Day
  Condition
• Flower structure (cyathium) ? surrounding of
  bract
• Function decoration, indoor plant, Short Day
  pot plant

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Growth condition required

• Altitude ? 400 1100 m dpl, many type of soil
  with well drained and aeration, pH 5.5 6.5,
  temperature 23 - 24 C.
• for vegetative growth ? require full light
• for flowering ? SD treatment

Propagation

• Seed , media, planting, pinching, fertilize and
  nutrition, flowering, Growth regulator, handling
  pest and disease.

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Media

• Soil / alternative media ? cheap, easy to get
  it, and
• not heavy.
• Peat moss, charcoal, cocopeat ( 4 4 1) ? well
  drained
• and moisture

Pot

• sturdy, not heavy, elastic
• Mini Poinsetia ? Ø pot 10 cm ( 1 plant )
• Pinching ? Ø pot 15 cm
• Ø pot 20 cm ( for 5 plant)
• Before planting ? watering media ? dense wet
  spreadly

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Seed and Stock Plant

• Breeding from abroad. Propagation ? must have
  license from breeder ? need to buy mother plant ?
  each of cutting ? charge royalty from breeder.
• Stock plant must free from disease and insect.
  Good stem and no initiation. shoot cutting is
  better than stem cutting.
• Internode ? 1 1.50 cm
• Bad seedling ? shoot compactless, berjauhan,
  kurang rimbun
• Cutting on early morning ? fresh ? cut 7 cm, Ø
  0.5 cm, rootone F ? planting before sun light.
• Root zone ? give it insect screen and shading net
• keeping moisture at 90 100 ( sprinkle
  above), intensity reduced 50, complete with lamp
  for adding fotoperiode on night. Intensity
  2500-3500 fc, T 21oC, callus 12 days, root 16
  20 days

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• Seed planting ? as same as type of plant

• Basket ( tajuk lebar ) ? 5 seedling / pot, tinggi
  should have same ? not efficien
• 1 seedling/pot ? have already rooted ? can
  choosen tinggi yang seragam, probability of life
  is bigger. If there is no root yet ? pinching ?
  plant in the middle of pot

Fotoperiode

• SDP ? bakal bunga terbentuk, light lt 12 hours.
• Indonesia 12 hours/day ? to prevent pembentukan
  bakal bunga ? plant should give more light on
  night, 2 hours (long day depends on length of
  plant yang diharapkan)
• ? at the early of cutting until bract
  terbentuk
• Ex length of plant 30 35 cm ( LD) ? 75
  90 days after cutting ? begin SD

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• At the beginning of SD ? 40 days bract will be
  appear
• More long time on SD ? increase number of leave
• For make the colour of leaves bright ? blackout
  16.00 17.00 ? covered by black plastic ( for
  merangsang appear of bract
• After changing ? open blackout for intensity gtgtgt
  for changing colour

• PINCHING
• Reduced dense leaf
• Increase amount of cyanthium ( rumpun bunga) ?
  selera consumen of Indonesia
• Bright the colour of bract.
• The way
• Axillary shoots should be pinched
• ( axillary shoots on tip of stem)
• Expectation ? 5 6 cyanthium surrounding bract
  (5-6 beneath leaf )
• Plant ready to pinch ? at 20 30 days
• Late pinching ? can make far away shoot and late
  growth

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Growth regulator retardan

• GA3 ? 50 100 ppm ? stimulating shoot growth
• Paclobutrazol ? inhibitor of biosintesa giberelin
  shorter node of stem poinsetia ( inhibitor of
  oxidation kaurene ? kaurenoic acid
• - Paclobutrazol ? easy to dissolved water ?
  foliar spray ( translocation xylem phloem)
• - After shoot 2 -3 cm ? 2-3 x / week until
  blacout time, concentration 100-200 ppm

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Watering and Fertilizing

• Need macro ? for active growth
• If N less necessary ? carbohydrate changing
  become fat and pati
• ? for metabolit seccondary ? symptom Leaf
  appear colour pale green / yellow, small and
  shorter plant
• Watering early active phase
• Rooting phase ? watering for keep moisture and
  aeration arround plant ? 16 20 days ? sprinkler
• Watering active period sell to market ? drip
  irrigation
• Efficient and quickly provided water ? pot Ø 20
  cm lt
• 100 150 cc / day

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Blackout treatment

• Function to stimulating red colour of leaf
  (bract)
• With plastic-covered make curve ( R 1m)
• Covered with black plastic tight ? make plastic
  easy to open-close

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Pest and Disease Handling

• Attack ? root zone, stem, and leaves
• Solution keep clean media and nursery
• White fly (Bemisia tabact Genn), aphids, thrips,
  and red spider
• White fly ? make color of leaves are black,
  produce embun madu ? debu menempel
• Thrips and red spider ? sucker leaves water until
  dried
• Disease caused dumping off ? Thielaviopsis
  basicola ? root become black, yellow leaves ?
  fall
• Rhizoctonia solani, Botrythis cinerea and Erwinia
  carotovora
• Fisiologis disease ? leave fall because Nitrogen
  defficiency. Low Absorb of N because root not
  support.
• Defficiency of Mg ? tip of leaf yellowing and fall

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Harvest and Postharvest

• Harvest ? between plant, media and pot ? compact
• Height 30 40 cm from bottom of pot, leaves has
  already changing become red ( bract appear) at
  least 3-4 leaves, beautiful shape, and dense ?
  its depend on consumer
• Spray it, cleaned pot, and put it into plastic ?
  box or container ? ready to Market

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