Computer Basics

1
Its All Geek to Me

• Computer Basics

2
The Information Processing Cycle
PROCESSING
3
INPUT DEVICES (Hardware)

• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Microphone
• Scanner
• Touch screens
• Bar code scanner
• Voice recognition
• Auxiliary Storage Device

4
OUTPUT DEVICES (HARDWARE)

• Useful information that leaves the system
• Output Hardware includes
• Monitor soft copy
• Printers hard copy
• Projector
• Voice and music - speakers

5
MEMORY PROCESSING HARDWARE

• ROM
• READ ONLY MEMORY

• RAM
• RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY

• Small
• Instructions are installed permanently at the
  factory
• Cannot be changed
• These instructions check the computers resources
  and looks for Operating System

• Main Memory
• Temporaryit is erased when turned off.
• It is where programs and data is stored while
  being processed

6
PROCESSING HARDWARE

• Central Processing Unit CPU
• The Brains or Intelligence of the computer.
• Controls input and output
• interprets instructions
• executes instructions.
• Silicon chip integrated circuit board
• Pentium name give to a particular chip
• Hertz the speed of the CPU
• Gigahertz executes a billion instructions per
  second
• Megahertz executes a million instructions per
  second

7
ProcessorsCome in Many Sizes

• Mainframe large, powerful, serving many
  connected terminals. Super Computers
• Minicomputer mid-sized, serves more than one
  user at a time
• Microcomputer PC, individual workstation
• Laptop portable, small
• Handheld Palm Pilots

8
What is Data?

• Facts used by a computer
• Words
• Numbers

9
What two numbers are used in Binary Code?

• 0 and 1
• They are each called a BIT
• 8 BITS make a BYTE
• 1 BYTE makes a letter or number
• KILOBYTE 1,024 bytes
• MEGABYTE 1,048,576 bytes
• GIGABYTE 1,024 megabytes
• TERABYTE 1,024 gigabytes

10
AUXILIARY STORAGE DEVICES

• Network Drive (H drive)
• Hard Disk Drive (Cdrive)
• Floppy Disk Drive with 3 ½ Floppy Disk
  (Adrive)
• Jump Drive/Thumb Drive
• I-Pod
• CD Read/Write Drive
• DVD
• Zip Drive

11
SOFTWARE

• Programs that Make the Computer Work
• Operating System Software
• Vista
• Windows XP GUI (Graphical User Interface)
• Unix
• Linux
• Application Software
• Microsoft Word, Excel, Access, Front Page,
  Publisher
• WordPerfect
• Illustrator, Photoshop, Dreamweaver

12
What is the Boot Process?

• The process of starting up a computer from a
  halted or powered-down condition.
• Commands in ROM memory are followed
• The process of loading the Operating System
  software into Main Memory
• Windows 98
• Windows XP
• Unix