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River Valley Civilizations

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River Valley Civilizations Egypt- 3000 B.C.E. The Nile River Egypt was called The Gift of the Nile Without the Nile, Egyptian civilization would not have ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: River Valley Civilizations


1
River Valley Civilizations
2
Egypt- 3000 B.C.E.
3
The Nile River
  • Egypt was called The Gift of the Nile
  • Without the Nile, Egyptian civilization would not
    have developed
  • Regular flood patterns
  • Compare to Mesopotamia?

4
Egypts Geography
  • Egypts natural defenses
  • Sahara Desert
  • Nile Cataracts
  • Result?

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Writing
  • Hieroglyphics- originally pictograms evolved to
    contain some phonetic elements
  • Papyrus
  • Early writing was used for business and
    administration
  • Eventually used for stories, prayers, laws and
    instructions
  • Rosetta Stone - translation

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The People
  • Mixed ethnicity

9
Kingdoms
  • Early dynasty- Egypt unified by Menes (created
    the first dynasty)
  • Old Kingdom- Great pyramids built
  • Middle Kingdom- arts flourish
  • Intermediate period- country divided
  • New Kingdom- Strong rulers, i.e. Ramses II

10
Men and Gods
  • Polytheistic
  • Pharaohs were considered gods
  • Major Gods
  • Amon-Ra, Osiris, Isis, Horus, Seth, Thoth, Anubis
  • Mummified people preserve body for use in
    afterlife

11
  • How is the Egyptian view of the afterlife
    different from Mesopotamias?, how is it the
    same?

12
Government
  • Unified kingdom
  • Strong central government (what is evidence of
    this?)
  • Is Egypts govt. different or the same as
    Mesopotamia?

13
Architecture
  • Pyramids
  • Tombs
  • Statues
  • Temples
  • Greatest architecture of the early civilizations

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The Indus Valley Civilization
  • Located along the Indus river in modern-day
    Pakistan
  • 33001300 BCE, flowered 26001900 BCE
  • Flourished for 1000 years, then disappeared
    without a trace
  • Major cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

22
  • Harappa
  • Mohenjo-Daro
  • India

23
Evidence of limited contact
24
Features
  • Well-organized cities
  • Laid out in a grid pattern, i.e. they were?
  • Had toilets, plumbing and irrigation

25
  • Indus Valley writing has yet to be deciphered

26
Disappearance
  • No one knows for sure
  • Theories
  • Earthquake
  • Mudslide
  • Overrun by Aryans
  • Climate change
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