Mechatronics

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Mechatronics

• Instructor Shuvra DasMechanical Engineering
  Dept.
• University of Detroit Mercy

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Mecha____what?

• Synergistic Combination of precision mechanical
  engineering, electronic control, and intelligent
  software in a systems framework, used in the
  design of products and manufacturing processes.
• the design and manufacture of products and
  systems possessing both a mechanical
  functionality and an integrated algorithmic
  control.
• designing intelligent machines.

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Mechatronics
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Machines and Information
Information technology Software
Mechanical Technology Electro-mechanics M
echatronics
Electrical Technology Electronics
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Mechatronics Knowledge Area
Electromechanics
Electronics
Mechanics
System Model
Trans- ducers
Mechatronics
Control Circuitry
Computer- Aided Design
Micro- control
Simulation
Digital Control Systems
Controls
Computers
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Engineering Contents

• Mechanical Engineering
• Design, Manufacturing and System Dynamics
• Control
• Control System Design, Real-time system
• Electronics
• Actuators and Sensors
• Computer Science
• Algorithm implementation, AI and Communications

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Think System!!

• Mechanical System at the core
• Electronics brings efficiency and reliability
• Control systems bring accuracy and speed
• Computer hardware and software brings
  functionality and versatility

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Flowchart of Mechatronic Systems
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Mechatronics is Everywhere!

• Sensors,embedded systems, actuators, smart
  controls are everywhere, consider the following
  terms in the context of auto industry
• Active suspension control
• Drive by wire (brake by wire, steer by wire)
• Smart sensors
• Embedded technology

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More Examples of Mechatronics?

• Robots
• Photocopiers
• Anti-lock brakes
• washers/dryers
• autofocus cameras
• Fuzzy logic based dishwashing machines
• Automated storage and retrival

• AGV in material handling
• Mine detection robots
• ATMs, cash deposit machines
• Airplanes (auto-pilot)
• Medical devices
• Weapons
• ..

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Characteristics of Mechatronics

• High speed
• High accuracy
• Robustness
• Reliability
• Miniaturization

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Mechatronics product

• Adaptive/smart suspension for medium weight truck
• based on air springs one on each of the six
  wheels carried on three axels, with sensors to
  measure the current vertical position, velocity
  and acceleration. Data from sensors transmitted
  to on-board microprocessor controller at 20 ms
  intervals, where it is used as the input to
  control algorithms based on mathematical model of
  the suspension system. Fast acting cross-flow
  valves, operated by the microcontroller, and then
  used to moderate pressures of air springs.

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Mechatronics is a Design Process

• Mechatronic design optimizes available mix of
  technologies to produce products that are of high
  quality and reliability and satisfy customer
  needs
• "We are driving to have compelling and affordable
  fuel cell vehicles on the road by the end of the
  decade. With Hy-wire, we have taken the
  technology as it exists today and packaged it
  into an innovative drivable vehicle comparable in
  size and weight to today's luxury automobiles.
  Larry Burns, V.P. GM research.

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Is Mechatronics new?

• Mechatronics is the application of the latest,
  cost-effective, technology in the areas of
  computers, electronics, controls, and mechanical
  systems to the design process to create more
  functional and adaptable products.
• A GOOD DESIGN PRACTICE

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There is something new here!

• Mechatronics encompasses the knowledge base and
  the technologies required for the flexible
  generation of controlled motion.
• Mechatronics demands horizontal integration
  between various disciplines as well as vertical
  integration between design and manufacturing.
• Mechatronics is a significant design trend-an
  evolutionary development-a mixture of
  technologies and techniques that together helps
  in designing a better product.

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Relevant Question

• What are some of the challenges presented by the
  field of Mechatronics?
• The cost effective incorporation of electronics,
  computers and control systems in mechanical
  systems requires a new approach to design The
  synergy of Mechatronics needs to be harnessed by
  the design engineer.

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Competence needed in

• Mathematical systems modeling
• selection application of sensors
• instrumentaion, data collection and testing
• design and application of electro-hydraulic and
  electro-pneumatic systems

• Use of microprocesors
• establishment of control algorithms
• mechanical design
• analog circuit designs and electrical
  installation
• A FORMIDABLE TASK FOR A SINGLE PERSON!!!

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Difficulties

• Requires a Systems Perspective
• System Interactions are important
• Requires System modeling
• Control Systems can go unstable
• Our training is usually domain specific and not
  system-wide mechanical component, electrical
  component, software component, etc...

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Mechatronics Engineer

• Leader in the initiation and integration of
  design
• Ability to master the entire design process from
  concept to manufacture
• Interdisciplinary awareness
• Ability to use the knowledge resources of others
  and the particular blend of technologies that
  will provide optimal solution
• Industry needs Mechatronics Engineers to continue
  to rapidly develop innovative products with
  performance, quality and low cost.

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Role of a Mechatronics Engineer

• Accept responsibility for the entire project
  establishing need through design, manufacturing
  and integrating with customer
• Integrate not only design and manufacturing but
  mechanical, electrical, control, and computer
  engineering
• be enthusiastic, communicate with customers, be
  responsible, learn to plan, etc.

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What is currently lacking?

• Control Design still domain of specialists
• Very few engineers have good understanding of
  both analysis and hardware essential for
  Mechatronics
• Lack of multidisciplinary awareness

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Benefits to Industry

• Shorter Development Cycles
• Lower Costs
• Increased Quality
• Increased Reliability
• Increased Performance
• Increased Benefits to customers

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Industrys Challenge

• Train the engineers you have in the mechatronics
  approach to design
• Give them the tools to be successful
• knowledge modeling, analysis, control
• software tools for simulation
• hardware sensors, actuators, instrumentation,
  real-time controls, microcontrollers
• system integration!
• Give them the time to use all of these!!!

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Future of Mechatronics

• It will survive as the most important product
  oriented engineering
• More departments will be opened
• Research in product oriented industry will shift
  to mechatronics
• Experience gained in mechatronics will be
  extended to other multi-disciplinary approaches
• Mini-, micro-machines and intelligent machines
  will be a major concern of technology development

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Future...

• Mechatronics engineering does not require
  expensive investment
• Hardware development requires very narrow
  expertise, and could be expensive
• Software development will be more important and
  profitable
• repair and maintenance will be obsolete, use and
  discard will be more common
• Machines will have personal features

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Future.

• Micro-mechatronics
• Nano-mechatronics
• Opto-mechatronics
• Internet-based mechatronics
• Intelligent/dumb mechatronics

• Entertainment mechatronics
• Educational mechatronics
• Medical mechatronics
• Military mechatronics
• ..

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Flowchart of Mechatronic Systems