Technical Subcommittee Geospatial Enterprise Architecture Work Group

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Technical Subcommittee Geospatial Enterprise
Architecture Work Group
NASA Directions for Interaction with the
States NASA Liaison Committee 2006 NSGIC
Annual Little Rock, Arkansas

• Tim Haithcoat
• Missouri Spatial Data Information Service
• HaithcoatT_at_missouri.edu

2105 Laurel Bush Road, Suite 200 Bel Air,
Maryland 21015 [phone] http//www.nsgic.or
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NASA-RELATED APPLIED RESEARCH LEGACY
A major proportion of the NASA-related applied
research to date has utilized land remote sensing
systems such as Landsat, MODIS, etc.
A significant proportion of existing mission
measurements and models have not been employed in
NASA-related applied research they remain
Un-Applied to date.
Basically, applied NASA-related research as we
know it today is
An Example of What you See Today

• Derived from Earth system
• science being conducted in
• response to those questions,
• Develops geophysical
• parameters gathered from
• land-imaging and
• multispectral remote sensing
• tools and technologies.

Multispectral
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NASA-RELATED EMERGING APPLIED RESEARCH

• In keeping with the NASA Earth Science Program
  objectives to support research designed to answer
  the 23 science questions
• Some current and future missions measure
  components of the Earth system not observable
  from the Landsat- or MODIS-type of sensor.
• To date, the majority of the current science
  results falling in this category remain
  Un-Applied.
• To promote deriving societal benefit from these
  current and future observations and models,
  future solicitations will emphasize that class of
  sensors and their scientific results.

• Traditional land imaging, multispectral analysis
  with standard remote sensing tools and
  technologies will continue to be important.
• New proposals, however will be expected to set
  forth a plan to use both these and the future
  missions and current Un-Applied sensor results
  in creative ways.

• Since NASA science missions have finite
  lifetimes, the Applied Sciences Program will seek
  to time its solicitations for proposals to
  permit
• Proposing prior to launch for projects which
  apply future missions science results,
• Conducting the project to permit deriving
  societal benefit throughout the mission lifetime.

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MISSIONS, MEASUREMENTS AND MODELS
MEASUREMENTS
MODELS
MISSIONS
QUESTIONS gt MISSIONS gt MEASUREMENTS gt MODELS
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Flight Missions in extended period
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Flight Missions in primary period
Launched 4/28
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Flight Missions in formulation/development
PDR
MC
IT
CDR
LRD 6/13/13
CDR
IT
LRD 6/15
EOPM
CDR
LRD 9/15
EOPM
MC
IT
CDR
PDR
LRD Jan.
CDR
LRD 3/23
EOPM
CDR
LRD 12/19
EOPM
LRD Sept
LRD Launch Readiness Date EOPM End of Prime
Mission PDR Preliminary Design Review CDR
Critical Design Review MC Manufacturing
Completed IT Integration Test Completed
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Mission Continuity Plans for Successor Systems
Imaging and Sounding
SeaWiFS
Terra
Aqua
NPOESS
NPP
Solar Irradiance, Ozone, and Aerosols
In operation
ACRIMsat
SORCE
Glory
NPOESS
Under Development
SAGE III
AURA
NPP
NPOESS
In Formulation
Observation
Atmospheric Composition
Tech Development
UARS
AURA
TBD
Ocean Surface Topography
Jason
OSTM
NOAA/EUMETSAT
Canceled flight mission gleaning technology
for GOES-R
Land Cover/Land Use Change
Landsat 7
TBD
LDCM
GIFTS
GOES
Tech
Tropo Winds
TBD
Data Assim
Short-term Prediction Research and Transition
Center
NWS
NASA NOAA jointly funding NRC studies on
improving transition
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The Afternoon Constellation observational
footprints vary greatly
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Air Quality
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Air Quality
Integrated System Solution
VALUE BENEFITS
EARTH SYSTEM MODELS
DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS
CMAQ (Community Mulit-scale Air Quality modeling
system)

• Reduce lung-related diseases premature death
• Reduce hospital admissions use of medicines
• Reduce lost workdays and schooldays
• Improve visibility and reduce haze for tourism
• Improve resiliency of crops increase yields
• Increase confidence in government
• Improve crop estimates
• Sensitive populations can change activities

• Aerosol Transport GOCART
• Global-Regional Assimilations RAQMS
• Atmospheric Chemistry GEOS-CHEM
• Emissions SMOKE
• Meteorology MM5, ETA
• Air Trajectories NOAA-Hysplit4

Predictions

• Assess emissions control strategies
• Develop achievable SIPs (State Implementation
  Plan)
• Assess compliance
• Waivers to air standards
• Quantify voluntary stationary emission reductions

• Atmospheric state parameters
• Global-to-regional concentrations
• Emissions inventories
• Regional-Global transport
• Trace Gas Sources
• Aerosol properties
• Ozone profiles columns
• Global-regional boundary conditions
• Data fusion techniques
• Ground-satellite data comparison techniques

Data
EARTH OBSERVATORIES
AIRNow AQI (Air Quality Index)

• Aerosols Terra, Aqua, TOMS, Aura, Aeronet,
  AIRNow, INTEX, CALIPSO, Glory-APS
• Ozone Precursors TOMS, Aura, SAGE III,
  AIRNow, INTEX
• Trace Gases Terra, Aqua, OCO
• Clouds Terra, Aqua, CloudSAT, CALIPSO
• Land Use/Cover Terra, Aqua, Landsat
• Atmospheric Parameters GOES, POES, GIFTS, NPP,
  NPOES

• Forecast transport of dust/pollutants
• Actions to reduce source emissions
• PM2.5 forecasts

Observations
International Treaties
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Clean Air Standards and Air Quality Forecasts
Air Quality
Accurate pollution forecasts updated regularly
within day. Reduced hospital visits from extreme
events. Improved NAAQS planning - fewer
non-attainment areas. Insight on mobile emission
fluctuations. Advanced, targeted mitigation of
impacts from severe episodes.
Simultaneous high-time space resolved
pollutants (O3, CO, NOx, SO2, HCHO, aerosols)
local resolution in boundary layer. Nighttime
chemistry transport. Feedbacks betw. aerosols,
O3, H20, climate. Chem-radiation coupling in
GCMs. Quantify LRT in regional pollution.
January 2004, L. Friedl
Clear Skies NOx/SO2 Trading Program. Longer
lead-time on source destination of ozone and
aerosols. Alerts to re-route airplanes. Alerts
to hospitals to expect specific symptoms. Ozone
attainment areas. Potential EPA SIP credits for
heat island reduction approaches corresponding
state/city policies.

NPP-NPOESS - ozone trend aerosols. Feedbacks
between O3, H2O, and aerosols. Global trop.
winds. Geographic evol. of trop. O3 aerosols.
Lightning NOx emission inventories. Trop. mixing
BL interaction. Urban-scale heat flux.
High-res. soundings.
Forecasts of beginning length of annual
pollution season. Improvements from achievable
SIPs - reduced haze, improved visibility in
parks, cleaner water, healthier forest
ecosystems, reduced lost work/school days.
Support US treaty on long-range transport of
organic pollutants.
CloudSat CALIPSO - cloud profiles. Accurate
energy water in MM5. Vertical levels in lower
troposphere. Models incorporate radiative
forcings. Land-atmos. interactions.
Chemistry-transport models. Stratospheric/trop.
coupling. Chemistry-climate interactions.
AURA - SO2, NOx, NH3 and aerosol products
IMPROVE network. INTEX-West. NH3 emissions
factors air dispersion models (NOx, CO, PM) MM5
assimilation of surface moisture, heat
capacity, insulation. Nested model developments.
RAQMS DAS for daily 3-D ozone.
Support for goals of Clear Skies initiative.
Science-based attribution of source emissions.
States quantify voluntary stationary emission
reductions within 18 months. Heat island effects
in local weather and air quality forecasts.
Longer-term AQI forecasts. UV-B notice.
Improved capabilities to air quality managers to
assess, plan implement sound-science, emissions
control strategies, policy, air quality
forecasts.
Socioeconomic Impact

Support 2004 NOx SIP call. State justify EPA
corroborates claims for foreign-born pollution
waivers. Annual EPA analysis of worst 20
pollution events for trends. Extend PM/O3
forecasting to rural areas - warnings to farmers.
Targeted mitigation approaches. Ozone loops in
EPAs AQI.
AURA - AURA - AURA. Trop. residuals (O3, NO2,
SO2, HCHO) NRT NOx VOC emission inventories
(top-down/bottom-up) for CMAQ ozone
precursors O3 assimilations in CMAQ 3-D global
trop. chemistry in GEOS-CHEM aerosol pattern
rendering.
States assess emissions control options,
development options emissions strategies to
build attainable SIPs. Achievable SIPs improve
air quality, public health economic development
opportunities. Urban health alerts for
temperature-induced pollution events. EPA
guidebook on heat island reduction approaches.
States claim waivers for foreign-born pollutants.
INTEX continental inflow-outflow ICESat -
vertical distribution of dust clouds ASTER
urban heat flux Global-to-regional RAQMS -
prototype BCs in CMAQ DAS nested GCM to 0.5º
grid. Pollution trajectories BL deposition of
LRT of aerosols. PM network.
MODIS AOD, MOPITT CO, TOMS ozone residuals -
correlate to EPA ground measures. Large scale
transport of aerosols. GOCART assimilations for
B.C.s in models. NRT MODIS-TEOM data fusion.
Policy-Forecasts-Health-Economics. Aerosol
transport loops in EPA Air Quality Index (AQI)
for regional forecasts. Improved siting for
surface monitoring network locations. Support
EPA-developed tools for state/locals on regional
haze. Evaluate exceptional events for effects on
NAAQS violations. EPA PM transport rule making.
State 1 (c.2003) CMAQ AIRNow-AQI
Unfunded
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015
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Air Quality
TOMS-EP
Tasking
EDOS Mission Control
Downlink
Exploitation
EOSDIS DAACs
October 21-23, 2004
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Applying Aerosol Optical Depth for AirNow and
Air Quality Forecasting

• MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) supports
  EPA/NOAA air quality forecasting EPA aerosol
  transport rule making
• Sept. 2003 - successful prototype of technique to
  deliver AOD forecasts to forecasting community.
• EPA supporting transition from research to
  operations and follow-on products
• Support from EPA ground sites for NASA INTEX
  field campaign

MODIS aerosol optical depth EPA ground
measurements of PM2.5.
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Smoke from Alaskan/Yukon Fires 18 July 2004
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2005 Air Pollution Season
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SOME USEFUL URLs

• Applied Sciences Homepagehttp//science.hq.nasa.
  gov/earth-sun/applications/index.htmlNASA Earth
  Science Homepagehttp//science.hq.nasa.gov/earth-
  sun/index.htmlNASA Science Mission
  Directoratehttp//science.hq.nasa.gov/index.html
  Applied Sciences Program Implementation Working
  Grouphttp//aiwg.gsfc.nasa.gov/
• NASA Liaison Committee - NSGICwww.nsgic.org/