Title: The Vast Increase in Knowledge
1The Vast Increase in Knowledge
Knowledge Doubled
64 BC AD1790
1790 - 1900
80 of the worlds total knowledge has been
brought forth in the last decade 90 of all
scientists who ever lived live today (2008).
1900 - 1950
1950 - 1960
1960 - 1965
2Emotional Problems
33 of hospital beds
- One-third of emergency-room beds and one-fifth of
detention beds are occupied by mental health
patients. And more than one-tenth of the prison
beds are also occupied by mental health patients.
Sound familiar? Welcome to the criminal justice
system in southern Nevada.
3Emotional Problems
33 of hospital beds
80 of those surveyed experience psychiatric
symptoms (Manhattan Study)
1 in 5 feared a nervous breakdown
Suicide 10th leading cause of death
2nd among college students
3rd among 15-19 year-olds
Attempted every 3 min. successful every 30 min.
4TV Viewing Time for Children (U.S.)
- Children average 2.5 hours of TV viewing per day,
compared to an average of one hour a day for
homework. - Preschoolers watch an average of 2.6 hours a day,
elementary school children average about 2.4
hours of TV viewing daily, and teenagers watch
about 2.63 hours per day.
5U.S. Children's Viewing Habits
- According to survey results, 58 per cent of
children watch at least two hours of television a
day. - Of the children surveyed, 66 per cent live in a
household with three or more television sets. - Over half (54 per cent) have a television set in
their own room. - About 55 per cent usually watch television alone
or with friends, but not with their family. - Approximately 44 per cent watch different shows
when alone than when they're with their parents.
6Schools of Thought in Secular Counseling
1. Psychoanalysis (Freud)
- Based on the stages of the development of man
(oral, anal, oedipal, and latent), a structure of
personality (id, ego, and superego), and a
technique of solving unresolved, unconscious
conflicts
- Focus on individual introspection
- Technique free association
- Cause of Neurosis inheritance or
environment no personal responsibility or
problem of guilt
- Avoids the problem of morality
7Schools of Thought in Secular Counseling
1. Psychoanalysis (Freud)
2. Interpersonal School of Adler
- man is a product of society
- personality is determined more by social factors
than by biologic ones
- felt that Freud had neglected the social
influence on mans development
8Schools of Thought in Secular Counseling
1. Psychoanalysis (Freud)
2. Interpersonal School of Adler
3. Reality Therapy (Glasser)
Focus on the present, not the past
Focus on behavior, not feelings
All who need psychiatric treatment suffer from
failing to fulfill two basic needs in lifelove
and self-worth.
9Schools of Thought in Secular Counseling
1. Psychoanalysis (Freud)
2. Interpersonal School of Adler
3. Reality Therapy (Glasser)
4. Transactional Analysis (TA)
- Based on 3 ego states in man parent, adult, and
child
- Therapies Responsibility-oriented or
Goal-oriented
Eric Berne Games People Play
Thomas Harris Im OKYoure OK
10Schools of Thought in Secular Counseling
1. Psychoanalysis (Freud)
2. Interpersonal School of Adler
3. Reality Therapy (Glasser)
4. Transactional Analysis (TA)
5. Behavior Modification (Pavlov, Skinner, Wolpe)
- Stresses overt behavior and conditioning
responses
- Emphasis positive reinforcement, negative
reinforcement, desensitization, reciprocal
inhibition, conditioned avoidance, and the
concept of extinction
- Concerned with inappropriate behavior (learned
habits) which can be modified
11Schools of Thought in Secular Counseling
1. Psychoanalysis (Freud)
2. Interpersonal School of Adler
3. Reality Therapy (Glasser)
4. Transactional Analysis (TA)
5. Behavior Modification (Pavlov, Skinner, Wolpe)
6. Client-oriented Therapy (Rogers)
- Positive regard towards counselee results in
growth
- Non-directive, no interpretations, no praise, no
criticism therapist must be honest transparent
- Acceptance of the counselee decreases anxiety
leading to a regaining of contact with his true
feelings values
12Schools of Thought in Secular Counseling
1. Psychoanalysis (Freud)
2. Interpersonal School of Adler
3. Reality Therapy (Glasser)
4. Transactional Analysis (TA)
5. Behavior Modification (Pavlov, Skinner, Wolpe)
6. Client-oriented Therapy (Rogers)
7. Analytical Psychotherapy (Jung)
- Drew on ancient Gnostic thinkers and mythology
(Seven Sermons to the Dead, 1916) - Patients must recover their memories, through
which they can overcome the states of sleep,
amnesia, and illusion that blight their lives. - The Gnostic idea of salvation became the
psychologists integration or individuation. - Child abuse recovery movement of the 1980s and
1990s. - Memory is the gate through which we return to
Eden.
13Schools of Thought in Secular Counseling
1. Psychoanalysis (Freud)
2. Interpersonal School of Adler
3. Reality Therapy (Glasser)
4. Transactional Analysis (TA)
5. Behavior Modification (Pavlov, Skinner, Wolpe)
6. Client-oriented Therapy (Rogers)
7. Analytical Psychotherapy (Jung)
8. Gestalt Therapy (associated with TA)
- extremely directive immediate feelings
behavior stressed chair technique
9. Transcendental MeditationYogi (TM) 20 min.
twice/day meditating on a meaningless word
14Schools of Thought in Secular Counseling
1. Psychoanalysis (Freud)
2. Interpersonal School of Adler
3. Reality Therapy (Glasser)
4. Transactional Analysis (TA)
5. Behavior Modification (Pavlov, Skinner, Wolpe)
6. Client-oriented Therapy (Rogers)
7. Analytical Psychotherapy (Jung)
8. Gestalt Therapy (associated with TA)
9. Transcendental MeditationYogi (TM)
10. Primal Therapy (Janov) People are unhappy
because of a split between their early painful
experiences awareness of those experiences the
goal experience pain of early experiences
resolve emotions
15Limitations of Secular Therapies
- No standard of authority besides mans logic or
conscience
- Will power can be insufficient
- Man is basically selfish, not good
- Limited to psychological (mind or emotion) no
spiritual
16- Schizophrenia remains one of the most serious
chronic diseases, attacking 1 to 2 of the
population. Forty years ago patients suffering
from schizophrenia occupied half of all the
mental hospital beds and one-quarter of all
hospital beds. Today, most of the mental
hospitals have shut down but they have not
disappeared. By refusing to accept patients, and
by discharging them before they are ready for
independent living, they converted the community
into the new mental hospitals. About half of the
homeless people on our streets are
schizophrenics, many of whom have been treated in
mental hospitals or psychiatric wards, placed on
tranquilizers, and then discharged to fend for
themselves. - Patients do not recover. The recovery rate today
is certainly under 15 which is one-third of the
recovery rate achieved in 1850 in England and in
the USA in the Dorothea Lynde Dix hospital in the
eastern part of the country.
17- Wrote Dr. Sarnoff A. Mednick in Psychology Today,
"We have been working on the problem of
schizophrenia, however, for more than 100 years,
and at this point it is fair-in fact necessary-to
say that we know very little definite about the
origins of this disease. Zero" (Mednick, "Birth
Defects and Schizophrenia," Psychology Today,
April, 1971).
18- The National Association for Mental Health
admits, "We know very little about the causes of
mental illness, and until we know much more, we
cannot identify any sure way to prevent mental
illness."
19- God warned 3,400 years ago that if men insisted
upon breaking His laws and commandments, and
living their own ways, the result would be
disastrous. God said if we broke His laws we
would be smitten with mental illnesses - "The Eternal will strike your minds with madness,
blindness, and dismay, till you grope at noon
like a blind man in the dark, and fall into
disaster" (Deut. 2828-29, Moffatt). - The original Hebrew word for "madness" in this
verse is shiggaown and refers to mental insanity,
craziness -- a raving maniac. Interesting, isn't
it, that 25 percent of our hospital beds today
are occupied by victims of schizophrenia?
20Definition of Christian Counseling
- The ministry of one individual seeking to help
another individual recognize, understand and
solve his own problems in accordance with the
Word of God.
21Six Reasons Christian Counseling is Unique
1.The Standard of Authority is the Bible, not
Conscience.
2. There is Dependence upon the Power of the Holy
Spirit, not just Will Power.
3. It Deals with the Whole Person, Going Beyond
the Mind.
4. It is Effective with the Past, Present, and
Future.
5. It is Based on Gods Love
6. It is Universal.
22Greek Verbs on Counseling
1 Thes. 514 (NASB) 14 And we urge you,
brethren, admonish the unruly, encourage the
fainthearted, help the weak, be patient with all
men.
Urge (parakalevw) - to call to or for, to exhort,
to encourage
Admonish (nouqetevw) - to admonish, exhort, warn
intended to produce a change in lifestyle
Encourage (paramuqevomai) - to encourage,
comfort, cheer up
Help (ajntevcomai) - cling to, hold fast to, be
devoted to take an interest in hold up
spiritually or emotionally
Be Patient (makroqumevw) - to persevere, to be
patient
23The Counselor God Uses Qualities that are
Essential
1. A life that is characterized by a PURSUIT of
God
2. Possession of a supernatural POWER through
dependence upon Gods Word
If God created the universe by His word, then
what could His word do in my life? Frank
Minirth (182)
3. Knows the importance of PRAYER
4. Values fellowship with godly PEOPLE
Men who have accomplished the most for Christ
were men who spent much time alone with Him. E.
M. Bounds, Power Through Prayer
5. Acts as PURVEYER of truth
24The Counselor God Uses Traits that are Helpful
1. Attitude of Acceptance Caring personal
2. Being a Good Listener
3. Adaptable to individual needs
4. Unshockable
5. Available Prompt
6. Genuine Realistic
7. Caring enough to Confront
25MEGATHEMES IN JOB
26The Sources of Suffering
27Advice from Friends
28Where Can Wisdom Be Found?
29How Suffering Affects Us
30God Speaks
31Gods Justice
32Four Views of Suffering
33Job Jesus
34When WE Suffer
35(No Transcript)