Hong Kong Wetland Park

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Hong Kong Wetland Park

• RIVER

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Members list

• Yu Wai Sum(37)
• Yau Siu Ki(36)
• Cheung Ming Sze(4)
• Cheung Ka Yan(3)

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Map of Hong Kong Wetland Park
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Introduction of Hong Kong Wetland Park

• The Hong Kong Wetland Park comprises a 10,000m2
  visitor centre, Wetland Interactive World, and a
  60-hectare Wetland Reserve. The Wetland
  Interactive World has themed exhibition
  galleries, a theatre, a souvenir shop, an indoor
  play area (swamp adventure) and a resource
  centre. The themed exhibition galleries with
  gross floor area ranging from 250m2 to 1,200m2
  showcase the importance of wetland on
  biodiversity, civilization and conservation.
• The Wetland Reserve is a constructed wetlands of
  re-created habitats specially designed for
  waterfowls and other wildlife. The Wetland
  Discovery Centre located in the Wetland Reserve
  provides visitors more hands-on experience on
  local wetlands. Other facilities include Stream
  Walk, Succession Walk, Mangrove Boardwalk and
  three Bird Hides situated next to the fish pond,
  mudflat and riverside lead visitors to venture
  different habitats of various wildlife.

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Layout Plan
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The work of river

• Upper courseErosion vertical erosion and
  headward erosion
• Middle courseErosion vertical erosion and
  lateral erosiontransportationdeposition
• Lower courseErosion - lateral
  erosiontransportationdeposition

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• The problems related to water resources is
  flooding, water shortage and water pollution.
• Too much water causes flooding
• Too little water causes shortages
• Too much waste causes water pollution

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Flooding

• Natural factors- heavy rain brought by summer
  monsoon and typhoons- joining of river
  channels- gentle relief- silting of rivers
• Human factors- deforestation- weakening
  functions of lakes and flood retention basins-
  lack of maintenance of river dykes

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Effects

• A threat to life - people are killed become
  homeless- lack of clean water- food shortages
• Damage to infrastructure- bridges, roads and
  railways damaged- power lines damaged- water
  facilities damaged
• Disruption to the economy- fields and fish ponds
  inundated- livestock killed- power cut
  disrupting production- huge economic losses

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Major solutions

• Reduce peak discharge- build reservoirs and
  sluices- implement the Sanxia Project- increase
  capacity of lakes- build spillways
• Increase bankfull discharge- prevent silting-
  dredge and straighten river channels
• Other measures- improve warning system-
  education and insurance

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Water shortages

• Natural factors- winter monsoon does not bring
  rainfall- mountains block moisture- unreliable
  and low rainfall- high evaporation rate
• Human factors- high water consumption-
  deforestation- poor management of water
  resources- water pollution reducing clean water
  available

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Effect

• The natural environment- the cut-off in certain
  parts of Huang He- natural ecosystem damaged-
  desertification worsens
• Human activities- farm yields reduced-
  industrial production suspended- HEP efficiency
  weakened- peoples livelihood affected

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Major solutions

• Increase water supply
• - drill wells
• - build more reservoirs
• - implement water diversion projects
• - reduce pollution
• - improve water resource management
• Reduce water demand
• - reduce silting in channels
• - save water in farms
• - reduce water wastage

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Water pollution

• The main sources- sewage- garbage-
  agricultural waste- landfill - acid rain
  ?water become useless.

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Effects

• Poisonous chemical waste which goes into the sea
  can affect fish. Human may be poisoned by eating
  these fish.
• People who drink polluted water may catch cholera
  or typhoid
• fish and other marine life cannot live in Hong
  Kong's dirty water, fishing boats have to travel
  further to find fish. As a result, we have to pay
  more for our seafood.
• growth of algae

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Major solutions

• EducationMaking people aware of the problem is
  the main way to solve it.
• LawsEnvironmental laws can make it tougher for
  people to pollute, but to be really effective
  they have to operate across national and
  international borders.
• EconomicsMost environmental experts agree that
  the best way to tackle pollution is through
  something called the polluter pays principle.
  This means that whoever causes pollution should
  have to pay to clean it up, one way or the other.
  
• and they work together as a team.

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Green sea turtles

• BIOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY
• Green sea turtles are reptiles whose ancestors
  evolved on land and returned to the sea to live
  about 150 million years ago. They are one of the
  few species so ancient that they watched the
  dinosaurs evolve and become extinct. The
  biological classification of the green sea turtle
  is listed below Kingdom     Anamalia
  Phylum      Chordata (vertebrates) Class      
  Reptilia (reptiles) Order       Chelonia
  (turtles and tortoises) Family      Cheloniidae
  (true sea turtles) Genus       Chelonia
  Species     mydas sub-species aggazizi
  (Hawaiian population)

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Mudskipper
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• Mudskippers use their fins as rudimentary legs.
  They often leave the waters of the mangrove
  swamps and tidal flats of the Indian and Pacific
  Oceans where they live, to lie on the mud or
  climb on exposed mangrove roots. Alert to danger,
  they quickly skip away when disturbed.
• Species Mudskipper can classify two species
  like Perio- phthalmus cantonensis and Bo-
  leophthalmus boddaerti. The first one is smaller
  than the later one. Both of them not only can
  stay on land in the moment but also can submerse.

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• Appearance In fact, Mudskipper appearances are
  very similar to other fish. There are some brown
  spots or some green bars on their bodies. Their
  eyes are very special and large. Their eyes are
  on the top of the head. They have a pair of
  pectoral. Therefore, they can use them to jump
  anywhere. Their skins also are very miraculous
  and useful for them. The skin can help them
  breathe and keep them humectants.
• Habits They mainly eat some water plants and
  rotten leaves to live. But they cannot move fast
  on the land. Therefore some birds hunt them to
  live. They sometime live in caves near rivers.
  They can hide in the caves and protect themselves
  from being hunted. They also breed their babies
  in the caves. And the male Mudskipper always stay
  outside of the cave.

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Photos of Mudskipper
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Fiddler Crab

• DescriptionThe fiddler crab's carapace (shell)
  length is 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm). It is dark
  during the day turning a lighter color at night.
  Males have one large claw and one small claw.
  Females' claws are the same size. Fiddler crabs
  move sideways rather than forward or backward.
• HabitatFiddler crabs are most often found in
  soft sand or mud near or around the edges of
  shallow salt marshes.
• DistributionFiddler crabs can be found from the
  Gulf of Mexico to South America.

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Others about Fiddler Crab

• Fiddler crabs are the most common crab in a salt
  marsh and they play an important role in the salt
  marsh community. They eat detritus (dead or
  decomposing plant and animal matter) and are
  themselves food for a number of wetland animals.
  In Spanish, the fiddler crab is called a cangrejo
  violinista, which literally translates to
  "violinist crab". Fiddler crabs help preserve our
  important coastal wetland ecosystems. By
  burrowing deep into the mud of the marshes, the
  crabs create a maze of tunnels that aerate (add
  oxygen to) the marsh grasses and underwater
  seagrass meadows.

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Photos of Fiddler Crab
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Photos
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Comments

• Before we worked on this project, we all haven't
  been to Hong Kong Wetland Park. In this park,
  there are 5 gallery reveals, and we visit the
  gallery reveals which is called Living Wetlands
  and Wetland Challenge. In the gallery reveals
  called Living Wetlands, it shows three displays
  they are Frozen North, Tropical Swamp and Hong
  Kong Wetlands. In the Wetland Challenge, it had a
  Wetland Television, that allows visitors to
  explore issues on wetland conservation. After
  this tour, we had learnt more about wetland and
  river. Also, it can help us to improve the topic
  for study which is about those for gallery
  reveals.

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Job distribution

• Photo taking Yau Siu Ki, Yu Wai Sum
• Finding information Cheung Ka Yan, Cheung Ming
  Sze
• Organization Cheung Ka Yan, Cheung Ming Sze
• PowerPoint Making Yau Siu Ki, Yu Wai Sum

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Reference

• www.wetlandpark.com/ (Hong Kong Wetland Park)