European Nickel PLC

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European Nickel PLC

• 21st October 2004
• Site visit
• Regional Geology Turkey Balkans
• Chris Masurenko

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Ophiolite BeltBalkan Turkey
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General Layout of OphiolitesSE Eurasian
Ophiolite Belt

• Ocean crust remains
• Collision process of various tectonical plates
  ocean crust plate vs. Continental plate
• Obduction of Ocean crust
• Generally rich in Cr, Ni and PGEs etc.
• Supergene enrichment of metallic minerals due to
  severe laterisation processes in tropical climate

• Quarternary Sand, Clays, Cgl
• Tertiary Sediments Sst, Limestone
• Laterisation process Upper Cretaceous to
  Eocene/Miocene
• Cretaceous ophiolite complex , igneous intrusiva
• Upper Triassic dolomitic limestone

• OPHIOLITE COMPLEX
• Silicious Crust Zone
• Hematite Zone
• Limonite Zone
• Altered Serpentinite Zone
• Serpentinite/Harzburgit

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Geology of Caldag Deposit

• Tropical-Subtropical Climate
• Ni, Co, MnO leached and re-deposited at depth
• Fe, Al2O3 SiO2 forms silicified crust
  protection from erosion

• Quarternary Sands, Conglomerates lt100 m
• TertiaryLimestones, Metaquarzites, Schists,
  Marbles 150 m
• Miocene-Eocene Ni-Fe Laterites
• Cretaceous Ophiolite Complex Serpentinite-Peridot
  ite, limestone 200 m
• Upper Triassic dolomitic limestones 150 m
• Palaeozoic

Ni-Fe Laterites Silicified Crust 50-60
m Hematitic Zone 20-30 m Limonitic Zone 2 -
40 m Saprolitic Serpentinite 10-20 m
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Geological Map Caldag
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Cross Section Caldag
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Regional Geology of Turkey1 2 000 000
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Landsat CoverageRemote Sensing
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Regional Geology of Balkans
Ophiolites
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Potential Fe-Ni Deposit Serbia
Large deposit
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Albania

• Three areas
• Well explored
• Production mines, up to 500,000 tpa per mine

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• Thank you for your attention
• And
• Glück Auf