What do you know about Sports Injuries

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What do you know about Sports Injuries?
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Question 1

• Describe what the principle of R.I.C.E is in
  treating injuries and describe what kinds of
  injuries you would use this method with? (5 marks)

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Question 1 Answers

• R Rest (Stop the activity and rest. Keep
  still)
• I Ice (Put icepack on injured area for 20-30
  minutes to reduce swelling, pain and internal
  bleeding. Ice Makes the blood vessels constrict
  
• C Compression (Use crepe bandage to support
  area but not too tight. Also reduces internal
  bleeding)
• E Elevation support and raise the limb to
  reduce blood flow to the injured area.
• When to use the RICE Routine
• Minor sprains and strains
• Bruising from a collision or fall.

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Question 2

• Describe what concussion means and how it could
  be caused. How would you treat this injury? (3
  marks)

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Question 2 Answers

• Concussion is an injury to the brain that usually
  occurs following a blow or jolt to the head.
• Treatment
• Seek medical assistance
• Rest.
• Painkillers are often used to relieve headaches.
• Admission to hospital for observation is
  sometimes necessary.

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Question 3

• Describe what shock is and how would you treat
  this illness? (3 marks)

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Question 3 Answers

• Shock can mean anything from a minor surprise to
  a potentially fatal collapse of the body's
  circulation
• Treatment
• Sit the person down
• Loosen tight clothing.
• Keep the person warm with layers of blankets (not
  a hot water bottle).
• Don't give them anything to eat or drink because
  of the risk of vomiting.
• Call for an ambulance as soon as possible.

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Question 4

• Describe how you might get a cramp. Describe how
  you would treat cramp? (3 marks)

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Question 4 Answers

• Cramps are unpleasant, often painful sensations
  caused by contraction or overshortening, usually
  of muscles. Cramps can be caused by cold or
  overexertion.
• There are 2 causes of cramp, these are
• inadequate oxygenation of muscles
• lack of water or salt in body.
• Treatment
• Applying a soft massage on the cramped muscle
• Stretching the muscle.
• Applying heat or cold.
• Heat improves blood circulation and makes muscles
  more flexible.
• Cold is more soothing for the muscles

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Question 5

• Describe how you would get a cut or graze in a
  game and how you would treat this injury? (3
  marks)

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Question 5 Answers

• A graze (or abrasion) is an injury to the skin in
  which skin is scraped off by rubbing against a
  rough surface
• A cut is a tear in the skin.
• Treatment
• Apply RICE
• Clean the wound under running tap water and dry
• Apply a sterile, non-stick, adhesive dressing or
  plaster.

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Question 6

• What are the differences between a chronic, acute
  and soft tissue injury?
• (3 marks)

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Question 6 Answers

• Acute Injuries
• Are the result of a sudden stress on the body.
• Chronic or overuse injury
• Caused by overtraining, insufficient recovery
  time, poor technique badly designed footwear or
  equipment
• Soft tissue injuries
• Injuries that occur in muscles or skin related
  (I.e. cuts, bruises , strains pull, or overuse
  injuries

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Question 7

• What is the difference between a strain and a
  sprain and describe the treatment for these
  injuries. (3 marks)

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Question 7 Answers

• A sprain is a stretch and/or tear of a ligament.
  Can be a simple overstretch or extending a joint
  past its comfortable range of movement.
• A muscle strain or tear (also called a pulled
  muscle) occurs when a muscle is suddenly pulled
  or twisted, causing a tiny tear. Healing usually
  takes about 1 to 2 weeks.
• Treatment
• (RICE) for the first 24 to 48 hours after the
  injury.
• Anti-inflammatory drug

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Question 8

• Describe what hypothermia is and how would you
  treat this injury? (3 marks)

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Question 8 Answers

• Hypothermia refers to any condition in which the
  temperature of a body drops below the level
  required for normal metabolism and/or bodily
  function to take place.
• Can lead to unconsciousness and death
• Treatment
• Warm the person
• Treat for shock
• Stay with the person
• Seek medical advise
• Warm sweetened drink if patient is conscious and
  alert

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Question 9

• Describe what heat exhaustion is and how would
  you treat this injury?
• (3 marks)

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Question 9 Answers

• Heat exhaustion is a serious illness caused by
  too much heat. It is often brought on by
  overexertion or profuse sweating in a hot, humid,
  poorly ventilated environment.
• Treatment
• Move the person into a cool place out of the sun
  or stop activity.
• Loosen any tight-fitting or layers of clothing
• Drink water or fruit juice etc every 15-20mins to
  replenish body fluid.
• Ensure the person cools off either by sponging,
  washing or applying wet towels or sheets
• The person will begin to feel better within 30
  minutes.
• If symptoms do not clear up, or if the person
  begins to lose consciousness, call for emergency
  medical assistance.

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Question 10

• Describe what a break and fracture is and how
  would you treat these injuries (5 marks)

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Question 10 Answers

• A broken bone is defined as a complete severing
  of the bone, as in opposition to a fracture
  covering any type of crack or break in the bone.
• A bone fracture is a medical condition in which a
  bone becomes cracked, splintered, or bisected as
  a result of physical trauma.
• Treatment
• Do not touch injured area
• Area will be splinted or cast or bandage applied
  to limit movement of the bone and to support it
  in the correct place.
• Call for medical assistance
• Treat for shock

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Question 11

• What is a dislocation and how would you treat
  this injury? (3 marks)

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Question 11 Answers

• Joint dislocation occurs when bones in a joint
  become displaced or misaligned. It is often
  caused by a sudden impact to the joint.
• Treatment
• Call or seek medical assistance
• Once a joint is dislocated, it may return to its
  own position on its own, or it may require
  physical manipulation
• the joint should then be held in place through a
  splint or bandage