Hkan Marklund Swedish Environmental Protection Agency Monitoring section

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Håkan MarklundSwedish Environmental Protection
Agency Monitoring section
WWW.naturvardsverket.se
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Background

• Sweden is a large country with
• 95 700 lakes
• With few species compared to other European
  countries

The same distance as most northern part of
Germany to south of Madrid.
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The monitoring layout in practice
Mainly small Easy to impact Mostly
unpolluted Lake Vänern is the largest lake in
western and central Europe

• Please note the scale is logarithmic

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• Compliances between and within authorities
• Compliances within programmes
• Compliances with other monitoring systems
• International compliances

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The authorities
Swedish Government
Ministry of Environment
National authorities
National authorities
Regional authorities
National authorities
National authorities
National authorities
21 County Boards 5 Water authorities
Swedish EPA Swedish Geological Survey Swedish
Board of Fisheries
Municipalities
National environmental monitoring (SEPA)
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National environmental monitoring programmes of
the Swedish EPA
Landscape
Air
Mountains
Agriculture
Fresh water
Sea and costal areas
Forests
Toxic substances
Wetlands
Health related monit.
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Fresh water the sub programmes
Ground water
Chemistry
Rivers
Chemistry
Biology
River Mouths
Chemistry
Lakes
Chemistry
Biology
Toxic substances
Specimen banking
Chemical analyses
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Fresh water compliant and efficient

• All monitoring is harmonized in respect of the
  quality elements i. e. sampling sites, time of
  sampling.
• All methods are standard methods, preferably
  Swedish versions of international standards
  (SS-EN)
• The methods used for environmental quality
  criterias corresponds to quality criteria's for
  WFD

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Fresh water compliant and efficient

• All monitoring methods are described in The
  Handbook of monitoring (available on internet,
  although only in Swedish), which gives you
  description on how the methods should be applied
  i.e. concerning numbers of sub samples period of
  year and other things not regulated in the
  standard.

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Fresh water compliant and efficient

• All analyses shall be performed by accredited
  laboratories
• All sampling shall be done by certified persons
• A additional QA/QC is performed through the
  systems of data hosts. After internal QC at the
  lab data are shipped to data hosts and a second
  QC are performed before putting data available on
  internet.

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Fresh water Data hosts

• Surface waters, chemistry and most biology
  Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
  WWW.ma.slu.se
• Surface waters fish, Swedish Board of Fisheries
  WWW.fiskeriverket.se
• Ground water Swedish Geological survey
  WWW.sgu.se
• Organic pollutants and metals Swedish
  Environmental Research Ltd. WWW.ivl.se

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Different demands on monitoring

• Others
• National environmental goals (6/16 connected to
  water)
• Ecological quality criterias
• Climate change
• International reporting, other EU directives and
  EEA, HELCOM
• Official statistics
• Early warning

• According to WFD
• Surveillance and operational monitoring
• Water bodies according to water categories and
  types
• Different quality elements
• Type specific references
• Priority substances and priority hazardous
  substances

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What did our revision end up with?
Ground water 80 Trend stations 80 surveillance
stations (560 stn / 6years)
Rivers 60 Trend stations 47 River mouths
Lakes 110 Trend stations 800 surveillance
Stations (4910 stn / 6year) 30 Specimen
banking stations

• Kartor

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Eco regions according to system B
7 eco regions x 16 levels 112 possible lake types
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System B
Fish (FAME)
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International activities

• A project on Nordic Core Types started 2001 and
  finished in 2004, the scoop was to select lakes
  and rivers according to types and to compare our
  different interpretations.
• This project later transformed to the Nordic
  G.I.G. in the intercalibration process lead by
  JRC/ISPRA

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Other activities

• Other form of coordination are performed when we
  are handling bathing water directive (2006/7/EG)
• Our selected data host is preparing new reporting
  routines for the municipalities Directly on the
  home page the planned monitoring is confirmed,
  the data are reported, the data sets will be
  classified and reporting will be nationally
  coordinated

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In summary

• Regulated system by binding legislations
• Harmonised methods by using standards and
  additional information (handbook)
• Intercalibration between laboratories etc and
  internal checking procedures
• Data host for extra quality control
• Reporting data sets available to the public
  makes scientist use data

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Thank you for attention