Proteins

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Proteins
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Proteins
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Proteins
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Proteins
The loss of hair coloring and a swollen abdomen
are typical symptoms of the protein deficiency
known as kwashiorkor.
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Proteins
Are composed of amino acids and have a
molecular weight from 10,000 to 10,000,000
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Protein Function
structure
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement -
muscles
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement -
muscles transport
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement -
muscles transport - blood, oxygen
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement -
muscles transport - blood, oxygen protection -
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement -
muscles transport - blood, oxygen protection -
antibodies
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement -
muscles transport - blood, oxygen protection -
antibodies storage -
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement -
muscles transport - blood, oxygen protection -
antibodies storage -
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement -
muscles transport - blood, oxygen protection -
antibodies storage - casein in milk
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement -
muscles transport - blood, oxygen protection -
antibodies storage - casein in milk regulation
-
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Protein Function
structure - skin, bones, hair, fingernails catalys
ts - enzymes - speeds up reactions movement -
muscles transport - blood, oxygen protection -
antibodies storage - casein in milk regulation -
control of genes and rxns.
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Protein Types
Fibrous -
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Protein Types
Fibrous - used for structural purposes insoluble
in water
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Protein Types
Fibrous - used for structural purposes insoluble
in water Globular - non-structural soluble in
water
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Amino acids
Proteins are made up of 20 amino acids L-amino
acid - all but glycine are chiral we can use only
one enantiomer
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Amino Acids
L - amino acid
D - amino acid
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Amino Acids - chirality
L - amino acid
D - amino acid
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Amino acids
Proteins are made up of 20 amino acids
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Amino acids
Proteins are made up of 20 amino acids
carboxylic acid
amine
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Amino acids
a zwitterion
In the body amino acids are often charged.
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Non polar amino acids
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Non polar amino acids
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Non polar amino acids
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Non polar amino acids
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Amino Acids
essential amino acids - required for
protein synthesis but body cannot synthesize.
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Amino Acids
essential amino acids - required for
protein synthesis but body cannot
synthesize. non-essential amino acids - required
for protein synthesis, body can synthesized
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Peptide bond
amine
carboxylic acid
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Peptide bond
carboxylic acid
amine
amide
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Peptide bond
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Proteins
dipeptide - contains two amino acids
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Proteins
dipeptide - contains two amino acids polypeptide
- contains a bunch of amino acids
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Proteins
primary structure - the sequence of amino
acids connected to form a protein
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Proteins
primary structure - the sequence of amino
acids connected to form a protein Secondary
structure - how the proteins fold and align
themselves into a pattern
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Proteins
primary structure - the sequence of amino
acids connected to form a protein Secondary
structure - how the proteins fold and align
themselves into a pattern Tertiary structure -
the three dimensional structure of a protein
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Proteins
primary structure - the sequence of amino
acids connected to form a protein Secondary
structure - how the proteins fold and align
themselves into a pattern Tertiary structure -
the three dimensional structure of a
protein Quatenary structure - when two or more
proteins assemble into a larger one.
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Primary Structure
the sequence of amino acids
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Secondary Structure
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Secondary Structure
H-bond
?- helix
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Secondary Structure
?- helix
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Secondary Structure
H-bonds
?-pleated sheet
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Tertiary Structure
fibrous proteins a-keratin - hair horns nails woo
l
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Hair
Hair
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Hair Perming
two strands of hair
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Hair Perming
two strands of hair
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Hair Perming
two strands of hair
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Hair Perming
two strands of straight hair
curly hair
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Tertiary Structure
Tertiary structures are held together by
ionic bonds
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Tertiary Structure
Tertiary structures are held together by
ionic bonds hydrogen bonds
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Tertiary Structure
Tertiary structures are held together by
ionic bonds hydrogen bonds disulfide bonds
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Tertiary Structure
Tertiary structures are held together by
ionic bonds hydrogen bonds disulfide bonds
hydrophobic attractions
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Tertiary Structure
Globular proteins are a mixture of
?-helix, ?-pleated sheets and random coils
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Tertiary Structure
collagen - most abundant protein in the body
makes up tendons, cartilage, eye cornea
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Tertiary Structure
Collagen - made up of three helical
structures coil around each other like a rope
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Tertiary Structure
globular protein myoglobin
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Some small proteins
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Quatenary Structure
Hemeoglobin - made up of four units of myoglobin
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Quatenary Structure
Hemeoglobin - made up of four units of myoglobin
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ProteinStructure
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Protein folding
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Denaturation
active, useful protein
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Denaturation
heat or exteme pH
active, useful protein
denatured, useless protein
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Sickle Cell Anemia
A genetic disorder that arises by the replacement
of only one amino acid out of 574 amino acids in
hemoglobin
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Normal Red Blood cells
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Sickle-cell anemia
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Vegetarian
plant protein
animal protein
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Eggs - provide protein closest to human average.
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Lipoproteins
lipoproteins dissolve cholesterol so that
cholesterol can be transported through the blood
HDLs - high density tend to remove cholesterol
from arterial walls LDLs - low
density actually aid in depositing
cholesterol on arterial walls
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A low-density lipoprotein
Structure of a low density lipoprotein
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Lipoproteins