Functions of Bone:

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Skeletal System
Functions of Bone

• Support Protection
• Red Blood Cell Formation
• Storage
• Movement

Skeletal System
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• Support
• Axial Skeleton includes cranium, vertebrae
  ribs - provides bodys structural core,
  supporting appendicular skeleton
• Appendicular Skeleton - includes all limb bones

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Protection

• Shields that protect vital organs An example
  rib cage protects
• HEART
• LUNGS

Another example skull protects
BRAIN
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Red Blood Cell Formation - Hematopoiesis

• Red Marrow - cavities of spongy bone of long
  bones and in diploe (regions of spongy bone) of
  flat bones.
• Over 100 million RBCs produced every minute.
  RBCs lose nuclei before leaving the marrow -
  survives 120 days.

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Storage

• Cavities of Bone - FAT storage
• Bone Matrix - MINERAL storage Ca, P, K, Na, S,
  Mg, Cu, released as ions into the bloodstream
  when needed

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Movement

• Muscle-operated levers
• Arrangement of bone joint design determine
  type of movement possible

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Chemical Composition

• Organic
• Cells osteoblasts, osteocytes,
  osteoclasts
• Matrix (35) - collagen, fibers

• Inorganic
• Mineral Salts (65), Calcium salts - hardness of
  bone, durability
• Resists 25,000 lb/in2 compression
• and 15,000 lb/in2 tension

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• Types of Tissue
• 1) Compact Bone dense, concentric rings with
  canals - Haversian System - serving as conduits
  for nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels.
• 2) Spongy Bone cancellous
• little beams open spaces help resist stress
• Classification of Bone
• Long, Flat, Short, Irregular

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Classification of Bone examples Long Bones all
bones of limbs, except patella, wrist,
ankle. Short Bones wrist, ankle, sesamoid
(patella) Irregular Bones some skull,
vertebrae, hip Flat Bones sternum, ribs, skull
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Types of Fractures
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Simple fracture of the radius and ulna. Simple
fracture does not break the skin.
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Simple fracture of the clavicle
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Common fracture sites of the foot and leg
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Compound fracture of the humerus. Compound
fracture breaks the skin and is open to
infection.
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Spiral fracture of the femur. Spiral fracture a
twisting motion breaks the bones at an angle.
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Greenstick Fractureincomplete break like a
green twig
Common in children
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Simple fracture of a metacarpal
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Spiral
What type of fracture is this?
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Spiral fracture after surgery. You can see the
pins that were placed through the bone.
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Compound fracture of the tibia and fibula. Go to
Website
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What type of fracture?
Simple
Bone involved?
Metacarpal