The Aerodynamic Effects of Canards on Artillery Projectiles

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The Aerodynamic Effects of Canards on Artillery
Projectiles

• Team MEM-11
• Megan Landes
• Ryan McCaughan
• Ted Penzimer
• Chris Yurkoski
• Advisors
• Dr. B.C. Chang

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Presentation Outline

• Background
• Problem Statement
• Problem Solutions
• Wind Tunnel
• Projectile Fixture
• Fixture Operation
• Measuring Pressure
• Creating Canards
• Aerodynamic Calculations
• Economic Analysis
• Ethics, Societal, Environmental Impact
• Project Timeline
• Summary
• Questions and Answers

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Background

• Why are we doing this project?
• ARL wants to increase their capabilities of
  projectile flight
• Guidance with greater accuracy using canards is
  desired

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Our Contribution to ARLs Development

• Developing appropriate instrumentation
• Fixture for the wind tunnel
• Mode of spinning the artillery shell
• Acquisition of aerodynamic data
• Calculation of Aerodynamic Effect

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Overall Problem

• To improve current design
• Insufficient canard technology
• Method to test rotating shell in wind tunnel

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Flotek 1440 Wind Tunnel
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Wind Tunnel

• Wind Tunnel Limitations
• Does not simulate realistic situation
• Operating Conditions
• 0.11 Mach
• Max Velocity 132 ft/s
• Test Area L 36, W 12, H 13fd

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Outline of Fixture
Bearing
Canards
Tail
Bevel Gear
Motor
Base
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Bevel Gear

• Angled gear
• Changes the angle of rotation

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Fixture Problems

• Needs to fit inside of wind tunnel
• Allowing projectile to spin freely
• Measure projectiles spin rate
• Fixture needs to be able to pivot to change angle
  of attack

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(No Transcript)
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Measuring Pressure
Pressure Tap
Rotating Coupling
Rotating Wire
Gage
Air Tube
Inside Wind Tunnel
Outside Wind Tunnel
Computer
Computer Cord
Circuit
Wire
Board
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Canards

• Designs
• Assembly
• Variable Angle
• Future work

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Aerodynamic Calculation

• Methodology for Calculations
• Pressure distribution
• Lift FL
• Drag FD
• Normal Forces N
• Axial Forces A
• Aerodynamic Forces
• Pressure
• Shear stress

• L N cos a A sin a
• D N sin a A cos a
• a Angle of Attack

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Aerodynamic Calculation

• Prototype
• Input for CFD
• Pressure taps
• Calculation of pressure distribution
• Comparison to calculated pressure distribution
• Graph for validation

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Ethical, Societal, Environmental Impact

• Project - Negligible Societal Environmental
  Impact
• Final design is a weapon

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Economic Analysis

• Fully Funded by ARL
• Product to be used by Army in combat scenarios

• Estimated Costs
• Equipment - 800
• Time- 35,000
• Estimated Total- 35,800

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Deliverables

• Artillery shell prototype
• Instrumentation
• Wind tunnel test data
• Aerodynamic calculations
• Validation with CFD software

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Timeline
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Summary

• Projects explanation
• Problems solutions
• Impact analysis
• Economics
• Timeline

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References

• http//www.dtic.mil/ndia/2004precision_strike/Davi
  dMartinPSAPresJul04revd.pdf, Raytheon
• Background Slide Picture
• http//www.ul.ie/nolk/gears.htm, U. of Limerick
• Bevel Gear Picture
• Wooton, David Dr. class notes
• Aerodynamic Calculations Slide, sketch
• Anderson, John D. Jr. Fundamentals of
  Aerodynamics. New York
• McGraw-Hill, 2001
• Dr. Chang, Bor-Chin
• Dr. Wooton, David
• Dr. Farouk, Bakhtier

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Questions?