CARBOXYLIC ACID

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CARBOXYLIC ACIDDERIVATIVES
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CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVES

• Introduction
• Nomenclature
• Physical properties
• Acidity
• Synthesis of carboxylic acid
• Chemical properties
• Relative reactivity

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INTRODUCTION

• Carboxylic acids structure
• Summarized ways the carboxylic acid functional
  group is shown
• -CO2H or -COOH

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NOMENCLATURE

• Find the parent The parent compound (or chain)
  must have the carboxyl carbon in the chain.
• Parent compound should have the longest carbon
  atom.
• Number the parent Start with the carbonyl
  carbon.
• the carboxyl carbon is always No. 1
• Name the parent Name the compound as you
  normally would in alkane then drop the e and
  add oic acid.

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• Example
• 1.Count the parents carbon.

2.Number the parent.
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3. Name the parent.
4.Name the substituent groups.
2,4-dimethylpentanoic acid
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5-methyl-3-hexenoic acid
5.Two COOH groups, the compound will be
named as alkanedioic acid (Example ethanedioic
acid, propanedioic acid and etc)
pentanedioic acid
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3-methylhexanedioic acid
trans 3-hexenedioic acid
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6. When R is an aryl group, the parent name is
benzoic acid
4-chlorobenzoic acid
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7. An aromatic dicarboxylic acid is named as
1,x-benzenedicarboxylic acid
1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid
2-isopropyl-1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid
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• Naming Cyclic Carboxylic Acids
• If the carboxyl group is attached to a ring, the
  parent name is the name of the ring by using
  prefix - carboxylic acid.
• Carbon number 1 in the ring is the carbon with
  the carboxyl attached.

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A cyclic dicarboxylic acid is named as
1,x-cycloalkanedicarboxylic acid
1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid
4-chloro-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid
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• When a compound contains a carboxyl group and
  other functional group(s), the priority is given
  to the carboxylic acid as the parent name.

3-methyl-2-cyclohexenecarboxylic acid
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• Names for carboxylic acids

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