Brandv

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Crisis? What crisis? Mitigation?
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Exercise Bird diseaseCivil protection system
Oresund Region
Niels Johan Juhl-Nielsen Head of division Safety
and Emergency City of Copenhagen
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The Danish Emergency Act

• At least one time during an electional periode
  the city council must decide a total emergency
  plan for the city.
• (In Copenhagen it is the Fire Brigade who are
  responsible for coordinating a proposal for en
  emergency plan. The rescue commander is
  responsible for setting-up an administrative
  staff if needed).

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Preparednesscenter The Danish Emergency
Management Agency
14 COUNTIES
275 MUNICIPALITIES
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Emergency Control Centres in Denmark

• 9 Emergency Control Centres managed by the police
• 1 Emergency Control Centre is managed by
  Copenhagen Fire Brigade after agreement with The
  County and the city of Frederiksberg and
  Copenhagen.

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Copenhagen Municipality
500.000 inhabitants
More than 650.000 in total
88 square kilometres
7 Fire- and ambulance stations
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Greater Copenhagen
1.2 million inhabitants 3 Counties 20
Municipalities 1 Emergency Control Centre 20
Fire Brigades 1 Police Control Centre
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Municipal Preparedness Area
Firestation
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Co-oporation in a scene of accident

• The Police has the responsibility of coordinating
  
• The Fire brigades has the responsibility of
  technical management
• The Health authorities (hospitals) has the
  responsibility of the Prehospital Preparedness
  (ambulances and medical staffs)
• The coordination position of the police
  indicates that police is responsible for leading
  the regional coordinating staff, activating at a
  major incident.

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Participants in emergency co-oporation

• Police
• Copenhagen Fire Brigade
• Prehospital Preparedness
• Assisting Forces from neighbour Fire Brigades
• Volunteer Forces
• Preparedness Centre (Danish Emergency management
  Agency)
• Supporting Centres
• Police coordinates at the regional level, Fire
  Brigade only for the internal municipal level
  (the administrative staff).

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Copenhagen a Danish capital in the Oresund
Region

• The framework for emergency planning in the
  region
• A bridge between Denmark and Sweden
• A national vulnerability rapport followed up with
  a national emergency policy (and legislation)
• The EU-project Civilsafety in the Oresund
  Region
• Challenge designing an emergency architecture
  for Copenhagen as a part of the whole Oresund
  Region!

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Main task according to article 1 in the Danish
Emergency Act
The task of the rescue service Prevent, reduce
and relieve damage on persons, property and the
environment But how can fire service contribute
in case of an epidemic???
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(No Transcript)
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Basic principle for Civil protection
EU context Civil preparedness or civil
protection is a matter of internal national
affairs
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Danish national emergency policy

• Denmark has no special emergency policy for
  cross border activity with Sweden (and Germany)
• Other platforms for trans-national emergency
• Support to a EU-platform concerning civil
  protection
• Two nordic Agreements on respectively rescue
  and health

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EU-project Civilsafety in the Oresund
Region2002-2005

• Participation from counties in the region,
  municipalities and hospitalsector.
• Aims
• To contribute and create preconditions to civil
  sector preparednes in the Oresund Region.
• The participants do this work without guide-lines
  from the EU or from their governments.

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Conclusions Two nations to cultures?

• Denmark
• Top-down
• The police coordinates
• Vertical sectoral responsibility
• Local rescue based risks and prevention

• Sweden
• Law determined buttom-up
• Geografically and municipallity based
  responsibility risks and prevention
• Political structures dominates

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Cross border exercise bird disease in the
Oresundsregion
A two days exercise at the regional authority in
Sweden. 70-80 participants from municipalities,
police, rescue, specialists Focus cross-border,
vertical ctr. horizontal, different crains of
experiences. Purpose How can Geographic
Information System (GIS) contribute to prevent
and mitigate for those who are in charge in a
disaster? The emergency actors should know about
the possibility of the GIS the scenario was
tested!!
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Information about the exercise

• How to find the participants?
• Common exerciseroom with diff. groups
• A decisionmaking-group
• 9 in-puts
• Separate and a common report and a conference in
  the end
• Information for relevant authorities and research
• The exercise report will be included in the final
  EU-project report

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What happens?

• Children and old people goes to the hospital
  (influenza?)
• Some hens and ducks dies (60 km away)
• On the island in Oresund birds were found dead
• In Sweden the same
• But it takes some time before these information
  are coordinated. Any connections between them?
  If? What is the diagnosis?

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9 in-puts I. 20 of the birds dead on a farm
the authorities asked for advice.   II. The
hospital have some cases of influenza   III. Test
showes the birds are infected of bird disease.
  IV. More farms reports of dead birds.   V.
Bird disease type H5 N1 An elderly man visit the
hospitals in Landskrone (Sweden) maybe with
influenza. More citizens arrive to the hospital
with the same symptoms Worried parents contacts
the schools and ask if the children should stay
at home.
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VI. Destruction of birds in each
country   VII. The elderly man is infected with
type H5 N1   VIII. How to inform the public?
Special groups?   IX. The elderly man dies and
you have more cases in each country
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Items from the rear-view mirror

• Set-up crisis management architecture in the
  two countries
• GIS from tools to basic platform
• A uniformed press strategy
• Cross border cooperation
• Destruction of the birds
• The bodies
• Information for the citizens and the staff
• Specific medicine items

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Items set-up

• The utilities has the sectorresponsibility
• The geographical area responcipality is not
  defined in Denmark
• The ownership for the accidens will change
• First contact cross border through the Sector
  autorities
• Primary emergency platformes Specialist
  autorities, municipalities, police, the doctor
  institution

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Items - GIS

• GIS-people and crisis management people live in
  two worlds
• Lack of simultanious GIS- models
• The ownership of the crisis change during the
  crisis what about GIS?
• More exercises with the application of GIS!

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Items press strategy

• Niveau 1 separate
• Niveau 2 separate but now contact
• Niveau 3 common

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Item - destruction

• Different guide-lines in the two countries
• Destruction-infrastructure og capacity
• Capacity of keeping and burial

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Conclusions

• Geografic Information System is useful for those
  who are in charge of the emergency management
• A public databank will be useful for the GIS
• For the information of the citizens GIS was a
  useful tool
• Besides the exercise made it possible to build
  new network
• Lots of problems with the security and
  information
• Distance between the politicians and GIS-people

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Visions and reality

• After opening the bridge there har been no
  progress in establishing a cross-border and
  cross-sectoral cooperation in the Oresund Region.
• A task force recommends
• an agreement including all emergency actors in
  the Oresund Region,
• a total ressource list
• exercises for all emergency partners.

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Problems?

• Different emergency architectures/cultures in the
  countries
• Vertical contra horizontal
• Experts-politicans
• Local responsibility police/firebrigade
• A generel but flexible model for crises
  management?
• Change in coordination-position during the
  proces.

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Critical moments in the exercise process

• In general the mental preparation (who cares?)
• Early warning and the point of time for the
  diagnosis vertical and horizontal
• When denying your kids to go out-side?
• Change in responsibility for the coordination
  (starting with the specialist authorities and
  then giving it to the police in Denmark and the
  regional authorities in Sweden)
• Acceptance of the special dynamic in developing
  of the scenario.

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Conclusions

• Results
• The exercise showed that it is needed in advance
  to define the emergency architecture
• GIS contains benefits for the decisionmakers in
  the Region, but we need a generel information
  and implementation
• Careness about GIS innovation?
• Sufficient available datas in a crisis
• Probmel with interoperability
• Exercise, exercise
• Networking is always useful !!

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General recommandations
Because the two national governments have not
finished their integration decisions the
EU-project recommends With representatives
from all emergency partners establishing of an
Oresund Emergency Board Purpose
information-sharing, conferences, up-dating,
focus, contact. Condition a budget
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New basic conditions?

• Different kind of structured knowledge in
  learning processes (generalists/specialists,
  practioneers/academics)
• Chain of experiences (health, municipality,
  police)
• Need of new structured competences free of the
  hierarchy top-down tyranny
• Need for a new kind of leadership

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Thank you!
njohan_at_112.dk
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The Building and Construction Committee
Management
Secretariat
IT office
The Copenhagenfire service
Planning Architecture
Building Housing
Road Park
City Church yards
Parking Copenhagen
KTK
RIA
Basic unit
Contract-managed unit
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Fire Brigade Organization
Management
Secretariat
Personnel Dept.
IT-Dept.
Service Dept.
Fire and Rescue Dept.
Ambulance Dept.
Alarm and Control Centre
Dept. of Fire Prevention
Medical Dept.
Fire-Station D
Fire-Station F
Fire-Station H
Fire-Station Ø
Fire-Station T
Fire-Station V
Fire-Station C
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Ambulance-service
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Fire Preparedness today

• 7 fire stations
• On 24 hours alert
• 78 Fire Fighters including
• 8 Pioneers and two Fire Officers on duty
• 12 Ambulances
• 2 Medical teams on wheel

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Fire Preparedness today

• 800 employees
• 600 fire- and ambulancemen, full time

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Fire Brigade Turn-out Force
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Information!

• A new administrative structure for the
  Municipality of Copenhagen will function from
  January 2006.
• Copenhagen Fire Brigade (Safety and emergency)
  has elaborated a proposal for establishing an
  independent department Security and Emergency
  placed in relation to Copenhagen Fire Brigade or
  in a more central position in the municipal
  administration.

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Operative Services

• Fire service
• Smoke-divers with special circuit breathing
  apparatus
• Pioneer (rescue service)
• Rescue-divers
• Accompanying damage fighting
• Alarm Centre

• Ambulance service
• Patient Transports
• Medical Ambulance
• Psychiatric turn-out service
• Syringe Buss kanylebus
• Safety-services
• Emergency planning