Findings and key messages

1
Findings and key messages

• Adriana Allen
• Development Planning Unit
• University College London
• International Workshop
• 17-18 October 2005, Cape Town, South Africa

2
Overall aim of the project

• To identify the role, potential contributions and
  limitations of different groups of agents in the
  management of water supply and sanitation (WSS)
  in the peri-urban interface (PUI)
• To assess the capacity of each sector to improve
  access to these services by the peri-urban poor
  and the sustainable management of natural
  resources
• To explore the room for cooperative institutional
  arrangements between the public, private and
  community sector

3
Understanding the issues

• Enhanced WSS in the PUI demand specific and
  different approaches from those in rural and
  urban areas
• Integrated water management should consider
  urban-rural flows for resource recovery and reuse
• Changes in peri-urban needs call for flexible
  responses
• Understanding metropolitan development trends in
  the PUI requires cross-sectoral examination of a
  wide range of policies

4
Overview of formal and informal water supply
practices in the five case studies
Source Case study reports.
5
Access to water by peri-urban dwellersthe Water
wheel
Public-community cooperation
Community cooperation
Community-based provision
Public-community partnerships
Rainwater harvesting
Fully public
Water as a gift
Needs-rooted
Policy-rooted
Clandestine connections
Passive private investment
Public provision distorted by bribery
Service contracts
Informal sector vendors (e.g. push carts)
BOT and concessions
Joint ventures
Water sold from privately owned wells
Public-private cooperation
Private competition
Fully private
Source Allen (20046)
6
Access to sanitation by peri-urban dwellers the
Sanitation wheel
Public-community cooperation
Community cooperation
Local sewerage
Individual facilities (toilets, pit latrines,
household septic tanks
Households
Sewerage/drainage Effluent treatment
Public
Licensed pit emptying
Informal pit emptying services
Management of communal toilets
Public-private cooperation
Private competition
Source Tayler (2005)
7
Taking action

• Improved WSS access by the peri-urban poor does
  not necessarily require formal land/housing
  tenure
• Conventional supply-driven centralised network
  systems are unlikely to meet PUI needs
• Improved WSS requires diverse technical and
  political strategies at each stage of the water
  cycle supporting multiple local agents
• Meeting the needs of the peri-urban poor requires
  a better understanding and official recognition
  of unconventional WSS providers