Atmospheric Pollution Modelling at Birmingham

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Atmospheric Pollution Modelling at Birmingham
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental
Sciences, University of Birmingham X.-M. Cai,
R.M. Harrison, C. Baker, G.R. McGregor, J.A.
Salmond, J. Baker, S. Vardoulakis, D. Grawe, M.
Nasrullah, Z. Cui, Y. Huang, S. Baggott, H.
Walker, E. Hall,
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Application of RAMS/UAM system to air pollution
episodes in the West Midlands, UK, during the
PUMA campaign
Meso- and Urban-scale

• Xiaoming Cai, G.R. McGregor
• S. Baggott, and R.M. Harrison

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Fig.1 Configuration of the nested grids. The
figure box is the boundary of Grid 1 and the
embedded box is the boundary of Grid 2. Solid
squares are synoptic scale surface stations.
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Fig.2 Modelling domain for Grid 2. Solid squares
are synoptic scale surface stations and solid
triangles are PUMA sites.
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RAMS/UAM output used for predicting NO2 and O3
for West Midlands
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Fumigation of pollutants into a growing
convective boundary layer a large eddy
simulation1Xiaoming Cai and 2Ashok K. Luhar,
2002, Atmospheric Environment, 36,
2997-30081School of Geography, Earth and
Environmental SciencesUniversity of Birmingham,
2CSIRO Division of Atmospheric Research,
Australia
Neighborhood-scale

• Fumigation of pollutants into a growing
  convective boundary layer over an inhomogeneous
  surface a large eddy simulation, Cai, X.-M., M.
  Nasrullah, and Y. Huang, 2004 Atmospheric
  Environment, 38, 3605-3616.

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Fumigation
Surface pattern of heat for different runs listed
in table 1(a) I64a (b) I64b (c) I64C and (d)
I64d
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Local scale
CFD Modelling of Pollutant Dispersion in Urban
Canopy Layer
Sotiris Vardoulakis, Division of Environmental
Health Risk Management, School of Geography,
Earth Environmental Sciences, University of
Birmingham
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LISBON model nesting
Lisbon
VADIS domain, 450 m x 450 m (Borrego et al.
2003)
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VADIS Lisbon - I
Theoretical boundary conditions
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Urban canyon scale
Large eddy simulation of turbulent flow inside a
street canyon, Cui, Z.-Q., X.-M. Cai, C. Baker,
2004, Quart. J. Meteorol. Soc., 130, 1373-1394
Dispersion and transfer of passive pollutants in
and above street canyons Large-eddy
simulations, Cai, X.-M., Z. Cui, C. Baker, J.F.
Barlow and S.E. Belcher
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Urban canyon scale
Large eddy simulation of NOx-O3 dispersion in a
street canyon, J. Baker, H.L. Walker and X. Cai,
2004, Atmospheric Environment, 38, 6883-6892
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NOx-O3 chemistry

• NO, NO2 and O3 are assumed to be well-mixed
  within any cell in which their chemical
  transformation is determined by
• NO2 h? ? NO O (1a)O O2 M ? O3
  M (1b)NO O3 ? NO2 O2 (2)
• The domain was assumed to be uniformly
  illuminated with a coefficient of photolysis for
  NO2 of JNO2 0.008 s-1 (Seinfeld and Pandis,
  1998) and a rate constant for reaction (2) of k
  0.410 ppm-1 s-1.

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Effects of Building Thermals on Turbulent
Structure in a Street Canyon
Urban canyon scale
1X. Cai, 1E. Hall, 1J.A. Salmond, and 2J.A.
Voogt 1School of Geography, Earth
Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham,
UK 2Department of Geography, University of
Western Ontario, Canada
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Experimental Design

• 6 different heating designs (values are wall
  temperature, in K, above the ambient air
  temperature which is 293 K)
• Neutral (000)
• 111
• 123
• 222
• 321
• 333

Second value
Second value
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Urban canyon scale
Shading effects on NOx-O3 chemistry and
dispersion in a street canyon
D. Grawe, R.M. Harrison and X. Cai
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LESof shading effects
C(NO2)
main flow
no shading
shading
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Multiple scale
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