Information Technology and Materials Science

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Information Technology and Materials Science

• Merger of nanophase with microstructures
• Information is acquired through sensors
• The hottest topic in materials science is
  NANOeverything
• The future Merge nanomaterials with
  microdevices
• - cross-disciplinary (bio, chem, phys, eng, med)
• - fundamentally interesting science (quantum!)
• - huge commercial potential
• - instant appeal - to students and the public

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What is Merger of Nano and Micro?

• I dont know - but I know it when I see it.
• A recent National Academy of Sciences Sackler
  Colloquim focused on the topic
• The next few slides give
• examples of NANO science
• Shaping the world atom by atom

Quantum corral of 48 Fe atoms on Cu. The Cu
surface state scatters and produces an
oscillation in charge density (IBM)
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Molecular Electronics - Non-volatile Nanotube RAM

• Flexible nanotube ropes
• Contact made when addressed by 2 electrodes
• Switchable between 2 states
• High density 1012/cm2

C.M. Lieber, Science
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Directed Assembly - Networks of Nanostructures

• Fluid flow to align 1-D nanostructures
• Chemical patterning to give preferred bonding
  NH2-termination attracts Si, InP, and GaP
  nanowires - CH3 repels
• Crossed structures can be made junctions

C.M. Lieber, Science
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Nanotube Nanotweezers

• Electrically operated
• Nano-scale manipulation
• Used to pick up micron particles

Size bar 1 micron
C.M. Lieber, Science
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Crossed Si nanowire transistor

• 20-50 nm dia Si nanowires
• Self assembly into transistor
• Much smaller junction than current chip technology

C.M. Lieber, Science
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Nanotubes as Transistors

• Multiwalled nanotube ropes have varying
  electrical properties
• Electrical breakdown can be used to select the
  tube with correct properties
• Transistor tuning

Ph. Avouris, Science
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Detection of Biological and Chemical Species
pH Sensor
Protein detection biotin functionalization
allows detection of streptavidin

• Chemical functionalization of Si nanowire

C.M. Lieber, Science
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Biologically mediated crystal growth

• Unknown protein selectively determines crystal
  phase formed
• Isolate proteindesired crystal phase
• PCR
• Refine
• Result gives highly selective bio-mediated
  crystal growth
• Large number of crystals can now be grown

A. Belcher, Nature
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Lab on a Chip

• Microfabrication
• Microfluidics
• Biomedical applications

S. Soper, M Murphy, LSU
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Biomolecular Motor

• F1-ATPase motor
• Rotates in response to the synthesis/hydrolysis
  of ATP
• F gt 100 pN - big for such a little guy!

C.D. Montemagno, Cornell
Integration into a cell
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Polarized Luminescence

• InP nanowires exhibit highly polarized
  luminescence
• Applications in optical communication
• Photonic circuitry

C.M. Lieber, Science
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Nanowire Nanolasers

• ZnO nanowire arrays grown on sapphire
• Each individual wire is a laser
• Room temperature operation
• Optical computing, information storage,
  microanalysis

P. Yang, Science
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Hierarchically-ordered Oxides

• Micromolding and latex-sphere templating
• Structural ordering at multiple discrete length
  scales (in this case, 10, 100, and 1000 nm)
• various compositions, silica, niobia, and titania,

G. Whitesides, Science
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Magnetic nanospheres and rods Co

• Solution phase synthesis
• Highly controlled tight size distribution
• Size-tunable magnetic properties (quantum
  effects)
• Spheres in spintronic devices - hard disk sensors
• Rods for vertical magnetic data recording

Scale bar 100 nm
A.P. Alivisatos, Science
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Colloidal Crystals Templates for New Materials

• Almost a lost wax technique
• Make crystals of solid, hollow or coated
  spheres
• Many materials possible

V.L. Colvin, Science
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Nanomaterials for Information TechnologyNew
Materials and Devices to Sense the World

• Current efforts
• Synthesis of nano
• Characterization
• Assembly of nano
• Integration into devices
• Sensors to provide info
• Actuators / Motors
• Analytical applications

• Leverage LSUs Materials Science Capabilities
• see www.materials.lsu.edu
• Recommendation
• Nanotechnology especially in bio / device-related