Diapositivo 1

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EEB Clean Air Seminar20 Nov. 2008 Lisbon
Air Pollution from ships Portuguese perspective
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Summary

• The IPTM role in IMO context
• Pollution from ships and MEPC framework
• Recommendations and EU directives Implementation
  (legislation and application)

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The IPTM role in IMO context

• Portuguese maritime administration
• Assumes the supervision of the maritime sector
• Provides technical assessment and support to the
  IMO representation
• Participation at IMO Committees - MEPC and MSC,
  and other sub-committees

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Pollution from ships and MEPC framework

• The Challenges
• Highlights
• Amendments to Annex VI MARPOL
• Greenhouse Gas emission from ships - GHG
• Near future

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The Challenges

• The world demands greener shipping
• Emission from shipping is growing and has impact
  to the health and environment
• GHGs emission from shipping is not directly
  regulated under the Kyoto protocol
• IMO assumed to regulate GHG emission

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Highlights

• Amendments to annex VI - MARPOL
• Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems
• Halons
• Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
• Liaison with ISO
• Greenhouse gas emissions from ships

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Amendments to Annex VI - MARPOL

• Adopted at MEPC 58 October 2008
• Entry into force July 1 , 2010
• ECAs established both for SOx and particulate
  matter or NOx or all three types of emissions
• Introduction of a Fuel Availability provision
• NOx regulations for new engines
• NOx technical code

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Amendments to Annex VI - MARPOL
SOx limits on ECAs
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Amendments to Annex VI - MARPOL
SOx limits on other areas
A review to be completed by 2018
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Amendments to Annex VI - MARPOL
NOx Regulations - Three-tier structure for new
engines
When operating in an ECA
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Amendments to Annex VI - MARPOL
NOx Regulations standards for existing engines

• Limit 17.0 g /kw for a diesel engine with a
  power output of more than 5,000 Kw and a
  displacement per cylinder at, or above 90 litres
  installed on a ship constructed on or after 1
  January 1990 but prior to 1 January 2000

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Amendments to Annex VI - MARPOL
Revised NOx Technical Code

• Enter into force on 1 July 2010
• Contains a new chapter for the approval of
  approved method (existing ships) arrangements
• Inclusion of requirements covering the approval
  of direct measurement and monitoring methods
• Amended NOx emission calculation procedures
• MEPC will be issuing a circular to facilitate
  the application of the revised Code to Tier II
  engine certification

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Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems

• MEPC resolution Guidelines for Exhaust Gas
  Cleaning Systems
• Forward to GESAMP for comments and review the
  interim washwater discharge criteria

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Halons

• MEPC / MSC Circular on the decreasing
  availability of halons

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Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

• Approved draft guidelines for the development of
  a VOC management plan
• Purpose is to ensure that the operation of a
  tanker prevents or minimizes VOC emissions
• Reg. 15 requires notification to IMO of
  information on the size of tankers the cargoes
  requiring vapor emission systems and the
  effective data of such control

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Liaison with ISO

• Decide to invite the ISO (International
  Standardization Organization) to consider
  development of a fuel oil specification
  addressing air quality, ship safety, engine
  performance and crew health

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Greenhouse Gas emission from ships - GHG
Policy related issues

• MEPC 58 was not able to decide on the type of
  legal instrument through which such regulations
  be adopted
• Option 1 common but differentiated
  responsibility (CBDR) principle under the UNFCC
  and its Kyoto Protocol
• Option 2 given the global mandate of IMO, the
  regulatory framework on the GHG issue should be
  applicable to all ships, irrespective the flags
  they fly

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Greenhouse Gas emission from ships - GHG
Energy Efficiency Design Index (ex CO2 Index)

• Approved the use of the draft Interim Guidelines
  on the method of calculation of the EEDI for new
  ships, for calculation/trial purposes with a view
  to further refinement and improvement

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Greenhouse Gas emission from ships - GHG
Energy Efficiency Operational Index

• Approved the establishment of an intersessional
  correspondence group to further advance the work
  on the Energy Efficiency Operational Index.

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Greenhouse Gas emission from ships - GHG
Market Based Initiatives (MBI)

• After a long debate on the MBI aspects the MEPC
  58 there was no possibility of reaching consensus
  on whether or not to pursue such an alternative
• Agreed to keep MBI on agenda to MEPC 59 and
  requested as many information as possible

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Greenhouse Gas emission from ships - GHG
Market Based Initiatives (MBI)

• Norway advocated the setting up of an ETS
  (Emission Trade Scheme) for shipping
• Principles to be observed
• - global application to all ships above a
  certain size
• - emissions cap
• - enforcement by flag state (obligation)
  and port state (right)
• - an open system (trading with other
  sectors) as opposed to a closed one (trading
  within shipping only)
• - use of auction revenues

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Greenhouse Gas emission from ships - GHG
Market Based Initiatives (MBI) should

• Reduce CO2 emission levels in real terms by
  additional amounts to normal reductions
• Not unduly distort competition
• Ensure simple allocations of emission allowances
• Be non- discriminating of ship types and flags
• Be difficult to evade
• Be acceptable to Kyoto Annex I as well as
  developing countries

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Near future in IMO context

• Second intersessional meeting of the Working
  Group on GHG Emissions from Ships
• MEPC 59 July 2009
• World Maritime Day 2009
• Climate change a challenge for IMO too

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Recommendations and EU directives
Implementation (legislation and application)

• ANNEX VI - MARPOL Decree Law nr 1/2008, 9th
  January
• EU Directive 1999/32/EC as amended by 2005/33/EC
  European Parliament
• Decree Law nr 281/2000, 10th November
• Decree Law nr 69/2008, 14th April
• IPTM verifies the application of fuel quality
  delivered onboard
• coordinates with the Ministry of
  Economy the legislation
• implementation

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Recommendations and EU directives Implementation
( legislation and application)

• Greenhouse Gas emission from ships GHG
• IPTM supports Portuguese Government in pos-Kyoto
  protocol
• (Providing the shipping emission information in
  National Inventory Reports)
• Certification of new ships

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CO2 emissions per Unit Load by Transport Mode
Source Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and
Transport Japan The Survey on Transport Energy
2001/2002 MOL (Japan) Environmental and Social
Report 2004
Shipping energy efficient
Units relative
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Thank you for your attention Jose
Maciel jose.maciel_at_imarpor.pt IPTM