Regulation of respiration

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Regulation of respiration (Central control of
respiration)
-Respiratory movement is generated by the
activity of respiratory centres which are
classified into
1- Medullary centres
A) Inspiratory neurons (IN)

• Are located in the dorsal region in the medlla.
• Its activity is modified by input from pons,
  afferent vagal fibers from the lungs and the
  peripheral and central chemoreceptors.
• Are connected with the motor neurons of the
  diaphragm

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B) Expiratory neurons (EX)

• Are located in the ventral area.
• During normal quite breathing, the medullary
  expiratory neurons are inactive, since expiration
  is a passive process.
• The expiratory area receives inhibitory input
  from the inspitatory area. Their activity show a
  reciprocal relationship.

2- Pontine centers

• Apneustic center (AP)
• B) Pneumotaxic center (Pn)

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Pn pneumotaxic centre AP Apneustic centre.
In inspiratory centre Ex expiratory centre
X vagus afferent from the lung parenchyma.
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