Carboxylic Acids

1
CarboxylicAcids
2
Carboxylic Acids

• Organic compounds with carboxyl groups

3
Carboxylic Acids

• O
• R-C
• OH

4
Common Acids
5
Formic Acid

• O
• H-C
• OH

Methanoic Acid
6
Acetic Acid

• O
• CH3-C
• OH

Ethanoic acid
7
Propionic Acid

• O
• CH3-CH2-C
• OH

Propanoic acid
8
Butyric Acid

• O
• CH3CH2CH2C
• OH

Butanoic acid
9
Fatty Acids

• Continuous-chain carboxylic acids isolated from
  fats

10
Caproic Acid

• O
• CH3(CH2)4C
• OH

Hexanoic acid
11
Caprylic Acid

• O
• CH3(CH2)6C
• OH

Octanoic acid
12
Capric Acid

• O
• CH3(CH2)8C
• OH

Decanoic acid
13
Lauric Acid

• O
• CH3(CH2)10C
• OH

14
Myristic Acid

• O
• CH3(CH2)12C
• OH

15
Palmetic Acid

• O
• CH3(CH2)14C
• OH

16
Stearic Acid

• O
• CH3(CH2)16C
• OH

17
Unsaturated F A

• Oleic acid
• Linoleic acid
• Linolenic Acid

18
Benzoic Acid

• O
• C
• OH

19
Dicarboxylic Acids

• Organic compounds with two carboxyl groups

20
Oxalic Acid

• O O
• C-C
• HO OH

21
Malonic Acid

• O O
• C-CH2-C
• HO OH

22
Succinic Acid

• O O
• C(CH2)2C
• HO OH

23
Glutaric Acid

• O O
• C(CH2)3C
• HO OH

24
Adipic Acid

• O O
• C(CH2)4C
• HO OH

25
Maleic Acid

• HCCH
• OC CO
• HO OH

26

• OH
• OC
• HCCH
• CO
• HO

Fumaric acid
27
Phthalic Acid
COOH
COOH
28
Name

• O HO O
• O-P-O-C-C-C
• O H H H

-2
29
Lactic Acid

• OH
• H3C-CH-COOH

30
Pyruvic Acid

• O
• H3C-C-COOH

31
Tartaric Acid

• HO-CH-COOH
• HO-CH-COOH

32
Citric Acid

• H2C-COOH
• HO-C-COOH
• H2C-COOH

33
Salicylic Acid
COOH
OH
34
BP Properties

• Alkanes lt ketones
• ketones lt aldehydes
• aldehydes lt alcohols
• alcohols lt acids

35
Fatty Acids

• Long chain fatty acids have a polar and a
  non-polar end

36
Name

• O
• C
• OH

37
Name

• O
• C
• OH

HO
38
Drill

• Draw name 4 carboxyl group containing isomers
  of C5H10O2

39
Fatty Acid Salts

• R-COOH MOH
• R-COO- M H2O

40
Fatty Acid Salts

• R-COOH MOH
• R-COO- M H2O

41
Fatty Acid Salts

• HCOOH KOH
• HCOO- K H2O

42
Fatty Acid Salts

• HCOOH KOH
• HCOO- K H2O

43
Fatty Acid Salts

• CH3-COOH NaOH
• CH3-COO- Na H2O

44
Soaps

• Soaps are alkali metal salts of long chain fatty
  acids

45
Soaps
Hydrophobic end
O
O-
Hydrophilic end
46
Explain Soaps, Micelles, lipid layers
47
Making Carboxylic Acids
48
Making Acids

• Strong oxidation of a primary alcohol or an
  aldehyde
• Use KMnO4 or K2Cr2O7

49
Making Acids
oxidation

• R-CH2-OH
• O
• R-C
• H O
• R-C

oxidation
OH
50
Making Acids

• CH3-CH2-CH2-OH
• O
• CH3CH2-C

K2Cr2O7
OH
51
Making Acids

• -CH2OH
• O
• -C

K2Cr2O7 H2SO4
OH