Title: CIPARS On Farm Surveillance
1CIPARS On Farm Surveillance
ADED ROUNDS May 22, 2007 Dave Léger, Sheryl
Gow Anne Deckert, Brent Avery Laboratory for
Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency of
Canada,
2CIPARS Objectives
- Unified approach to monitor trends in
antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial use in
humans and animals - Generate timely reports
- Generate data to facilitate the assessment of the
public health impact of antimicrobials used in
human and agricultural sectors - Allow accurate international comparisons with
other countries that use similar surveillance
systems (e.g. U.S. (NARMS) Denmark (DANMAP)
3On Farm AB, SK, MB, ON, QC swine
Abattoir National beef/pork/chicken
Veterinary Antimicrobial Use Distribution data
Retail ATL, ON, QC, SK, BC beef/pork/chicken
CIPARS Annual Report http//www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ci
pars-picra/index.html
Human Antimicrobial Use IMS Health
Human National salmonellosis
Veterinary Laboratories salmonellosis
4On-Farm Surveillance Objectives
- Primary Objectives
- Establish infrastructure to support a national
on-farm surveillance program - Provide on-farm data on antimicrobial use and
resistance - Secondary Objective
- Investigate associations between antimicrobial
use and resistance - Long-term Objective
- Provide sound data for human health risk
assessments
5Background
- 5 yr Agricultural Policy Framework Funding
- Year 1 (2003-04)
- Consultations Provinces, pork/beef/poultry
industry - Supported On-Farm AM use resistance research
- Year 2 (2004-05)
- Selected swine industry to pilot CIPARS On-Farm
- Surveillance Framework Design Process initiated
- Year 3 (2005-06) Year 4 (2006-07)
- Implement and refine the On-Farm swine program
- Data analysis and reporting
6Surveillance Framework Design Process
CIPARS On-Farm Working Group
On-Farm Swine Advisory Committee
Refined On-Farm Surveillance Framework 2007
7Inclusion / Exclusion criteria
- Inclusion criteria
- CQA validated operations
- Operations marketing gt2000 hogs/year
- Operations representative of the veterinary
practice - Exclusion criteria
- Organic herds
- Edible residual material herds
- Pasture raised herds
8General Infrastructure
- 108 Sentinel Sites across 5 Provinces
- Swine farms with grower/finisher units
- Major pork provinces Québec, Ontario, Manitoba,
Saskatchewan and Alberta - 29 Swine Veterinarians
- Protect biosecurity and confidentiality
- Collect antimicrobial use data and faecal samples
- 2 Supervisory Veterinarians
- Protect confidentiality of corporate farms
- Operational Support
- PHAC Guelph Saskatoon
9Laboratory Infrastructure
- 4 Laboratories
- PHAC-LFZ Labs
- Saint-Hyacinthe QC
- Guelph ON
- Salmonella typing (PHAC-LFZ, Guelph)
- AF Lab, Edmonton AB
- Prairie Diagnostics Services, Regina SK
- Primary Isolation Antimicrobial susceptibility
testing (Sensititre, Trek Diagnostic Systems,
Cleveland, OH, USA)
10Laboratory
- Organisms of interest
- Salmonella
- 1 isolate/sample
- Typing performed
- E. coli
- 5 isolates/sample (2006)
- Generic E. coli
- Enterococcus
- 3 isolates/sample
- speciation
11Compensation
- Veterinarians
- Data and sample collection 200/visit
- Travel 45/visit
- To be incorporated with regular herd health
visits - Producers
- Data preparation 200/visit
- 40 of total operating dollars goes to
compensation
12Veterinary Model
- Why did we go with veterinarian?
- Biosecurity
- Knowledge of farm practices
- Producer confidentiality
- Producer trust/confidence
- Sustainability of this model
- Uncertain
- Alternatives to the veterinarian
13Distribution of Sentinel Herds Vets
- Allocation of herds per province is proportional
to the number of Grower/Finisher Units in each
province - 10 additional herds in AB SK Provincial APF
funding
Nationally 108 Herds 29 Vets
26 8
15 5
12 3
27 7
28 6
5 1
14Data Information Generated
- Sentinel herd data
- Demographic
- Operation characteristics
- Pig Inventory
- Disease
- Antimicrobial Use
- Qualitative active ingredient, route
- Quantitative active ingredient, route, amount
- Antimicrobial Resistance
- E.coli, Enterococcus and Salmonella
- NARMS Panels - 15 antimicrobials
15Schematic Sampling Data Collection
16Sample Submissions by Sample Type
17Samples Isolates - 2006
Sampling Actual/Planned ()
Number of herd visits completed / Planned 287/324 (89)
Annual Questionnaires returned 65/108 (60)
Sampling Day Questionnaires returned 89/432 (21)
Cohort Arrival Samples 93/126 (74)
Cohort Close-To-Market (CTM) Samples 92/126 (74)
Regular Close-To-Market Samples 257/306 (84)
Total Samples Received ( Planned) 442/558 (79)
Positive Samples
E.coli recovery 442/442 (100)
Salmonella recovery 92/442 ( 21)
Enterococcus recovery 363/442 ( 82)
18Samples Isolates
- 2006 isolate yield
- generic E. coli isolates (5/sample) 2,095
- Salmonella isolates (1/sample) 85
- Enterococcus isolates (3/sample) 1,043
- 2007 Projected isolate yield
- 732 samples
- generic E. coli isolates (3/sample) 2,196
- Salmonella isolates (1/sample) 293
- Enterococcus isolates (3/sample) 1,757
19Refinements for 2007
- Modified data collection instruments
- Simplified Questionnaires
- Minimal use of CQA records
- Sampling Day specific checklists
- Tracking system
- Data management tools developed DEXA DB SA
- Modifications to sampling
- Reduced number of cohort herds to 25 (PQ 100
Cohort herds Provincially funded) - Reduced number of E. coli isolates per sample to
3 isolates
20Schematic Reporting Analysis
2007 Questionnaire Data Entry - Ongoing
21Active Surveillance on Sentinel Farms
Data Analysis Reporting
Risk-Based Policy
SiteInformation
Operation Management Characteristics
Clinical Practice Guidelines On-Farm AMU
Protocols Public health AMR recognized as a
hazard inon-farm food safety HACCP
Antimicrobial Use
- Qualitative Quantitative
- Kgs Active Ingred.
- Animal Daily Dose
- /Animal-time
Herd Level
PenLevel
Sampling Faecal
Lab Analysis Salmonella E. coli Enterococcus
- Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns
- MDR strains
- Human Imp.
CompositePen Samples
22Future plans
- Sustainable funding
- Expansion into other commodities
- Current research projects
- Feedlot beef cattle
- Dairy cattle
23Contact Information
- Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses
- Public Health Agency of Canada
- David_Leger_at_phac-aspc.gc.ca
- Tel (519) 826-2275
- Sheryl_Gow_at_phac-aspc.gc.ca
- Tel (306) 966-2232
- Brent_Avery_at_phac-aspc.gc.ca
- Tel (519) 826-2354
- Anne_Deckert_at_phac-aspc.gc.ca
- Tel (519) 826-2160
-
24Information on the Web
- CIPARS 2005 - Preliminary Results-
- http//www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/cipars-picra/2005_pr_e
.html - CIPARS 2005- Additional data (Recovery rates)
- http//www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/cipars-picra/2005_pr_e.
html
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