Functions of animals

1
Functions of animals

• Most of the functions of livestock benefit of
  society and are important mainly to individual
  farms.
• The functions of the livestock are vital part of
  the total agriculture nation.
• Selecting enterprises involves the choice of what
  kind of livestock should be raised.
• There are some kinds of functions of livestock.
• The conversion of roughage into food, are factors
  in this management decision.

2
Converting feed into food

• Livestock convert feed grains and roughages into
  food for human consumption.
• Some controversy over the use of feed grains as
  livestock.
• The face of the world shortages, it has been
  suggested this is not the most efficient use of
  limited resources.
• Swine and poultry are fed large amounts of grain
  because they cant use much roughage in their
  diet.
• 30 of feed is fed to swine and poultry in the
  U.S. that consists of fish meal, meat and bone
  meal,milling and fermentation by products, and
  tankage.
• Ruminants are animals that have a stomach that is
  divided into four compartments.
• The largest of these compartments is the rumen,
  it contains microbes that allow ruminants to
  digest many kinds of feeds that non-ruminant
  animals cant use effectively.

3
Con.

• The ruminants are domesticated and commonly found
  on in the U S that include cattle,sheep, and
  goats.
• Almost half of of the chemical energy in the
  major cereal crops such as corn, wheat, and rice
  is found in parts of the plant, such as the
  stems, which are not used by humans for food.
• Hay, silage, and pasture is raised on about one
  third of the cropland in the united states.
• 50 of the total land area of the continental US
  consists of native and natural grasslands.
• About 11 of the worlds land area is suitable
  for the production of foods that can be used
  directly by humans.
• Bout 75 of total energy intake of beef and dairy
  cattle.

4

• 80 of the total used comes from roughages.
• About 80 of the human population of the world
  gets most of its protein, fats, iron, niacin, and
  some vitamins from the meat produced by ruminant
  animals.
• 77 of the calcium found in diets of people
  living in the united states
• 35 provide energy
• 68 of the protein
• 78of the calcium
• 39of the iron
• 42 of the vitamin A
• 37 to 98 of various B vitamins consumed by
  people in the US.

5
Clothing

• Livestock provide fiber and skins for the
  production of clothing.
• The fibers for clothing is lower now because of
  the increased use of synthetic fibers for
  clothing.
• The use of wool in the united states has been
  constant for the past ten years.
• Some of the synthetic fibers are oil based.
• Leather is used for shoe, belts, gloves, and
  skins for the production of clothing.
• 5 to 10 of the market value of animals comes
  from the sale of hides.
• Leather can allow air to pass through, is more
  durable, and is warmer than clothing made from
  synthetics.

6
Power

• One time animals provide much of the power used
  by the human race.
• The power of animals this use has been declined.
• Little power is now used in the US.
• Parts of the world animal power is still provide
  power used by human.

7
Recreation

• Horseback riding riding is a major source of
  recreation for many people today.
• Racing is a popular sport.
• Livestock shows and fairs provide recreation
  for many people, both exhibitors and spectators.

8
Conservation

• Livestock help to conserve soil and soil
  fertility.
• Nutrients are removed from the soil by the crops
  being grown.
• When the crops are fed to the livestock about 80
  of the nutrient value is excreted in the manure.
• Putting manure on back on the soil, the rate of
  loss of soil fertility can be decreased.
• Animal manure can be used for fuel source.
• 8 to 12 of the worlds population depends on
  dried manure as a fuel source.
• Animal manure can be used as a raw material in
  methane gas digesters.
• Use of methane gas converters has increased
  worldwide as a result of the energy crisis.
• fuel for electricity, cooking, and heating needs
  of an average united states farm could be
  supplied by the manure from about 40 cows.
• Higher feed costs have led to research on the
  possibility of using animal manures as a
  supplement in feeds.

9
Stabilize Farm Economy

• Livestock help bring stability to the farm
  business.
• Including livestock in a farm business helps to
  spread the risks involved in farming over more
  enterprises.
• The farmer is not dependent on only one or two
  sources of income.
• In addition to both labor and income are spread
  more evenly throughout the year.

10
Concentrate Bulky Feeds

• It costs a lot of money to transport bulky feeds
  such as hay.
• Livestock convert bulky feeds into a more
  concentrated form.
• This reduces transportation costs to market, a
  great advantage for farms that produced large
  amounts of bulky feeds.

11
By-Products

• Meat, wool, and leather are not only products
  that come from animals.
• Any product of the animal carcass, other then
  meat is called a by-product.
• Other products come from the animal carcass.
• These include fat, bone, intestine, brain,
  stomach, blood, and various glands.
• These by-products are in manufacture of many
  products.
• Edible by-products that come from animals
  include meats such as brains, tongue, kidneys,
  and heart.
• Oleo stearine, which comes the fat in the animal
  carcass used in the manufacture of candy and gum.
• Hooves, horns, bones, and hides produce in
  gelatin desserts, marshmallows, canned meats, and
  ice cream..

12

• The inedible fats are used in the production of
  cosmetics, waxes, soap, lubricants, and printing
  ink..
• Bones, horns, and hooves are also used in
  production of glue, buttons, bone china, camera
  film, sandpaper, dice, piano keys, wallpaper, and
  toothbrushes.
• Feeds for livestock are made from animal
  by-products.
• These include blood meal and bone scraps.
• More than 100 drugs used by humans for medical
  purposes are made from animal by-products.
• Insulin- is extracted from the pancreas of
  animals and is used in the treatment of diabetes.
• Thrombin- comes from the blood of animals and is
  coagulant used in surgery to help, make blood
  clot.
• Heparin- from the lungs and is used to prevent
  blood clotting during operations.
• Nephrine- comes from the adrenal glands.
• Rennet- comes from the stomachs of cattle and is
  used in cheese making.

13

• Corticotropin- comes from the pituitary glands in
  the brain.
• It is used for the treatment of some breathing
  problems, serve allergies, mononucleosis, and
  leukemia.
• By-products are used in many things like
  perfumes, fertilizers, candles, lanolin, and
  glycerin, as well as many other products.
• Animal by-products make valuable contributions to
  society.