Islam

1
Islam

• Slides designed by
• Terri Schimel
• Parkland Magnet Middle School
• Spring 2005

2
IslamHistory and Sacred Writings

• In 610 CE, the Arabian city of Mecca
• was a very lively trading city however,
• the area was full of tribal warfare.
• A merchant named, Mohammad, met
• many different people, cultures and
• religions, including Christians and
• Jews who believed in one God. Many
• Arabs, on the other hand, believed in
• many different gods.

3
IslamHistory and Sacred Writings

• According to Islam, the angel,
• Gabriel, appeared to Muhammad and
• shared the word of God to him.
• Therefore, Muhammad became known as
• a prophet for God. Muhammad then
• spread the written work that Gabriel
• had given to him. This work became
• known as the Quran. The Quran is the
• Islam bible.

4
IslamHistory and Sacred Writings

• Islam, Judaism, and Christianity share the
  following characteristics
• Monotheistic the belief in one god
• Believe in many of the same prophets or
  messengers from God. They all believe in
  Abraham, Moses, and David

5
IslamHistory and Sacred Writings

• Muslims, unlike Christianity and Judaism, believe
  that Jesus Christ was a great prophet and not the
  son of God. Muhammad, according to Islam is the
  prophet with the final word with God.
• Eventually, many Arabians and people from other
  Middle Eastern countries adopted Islam. Islam
  also has been an unifying force for Middle
  Eastern societies.

6
IslamHistory and Sacred Writings

• Today, Islam is the 2nd largest religion in the
  world with over one billion followers.
• Indonesia- 170 million
• Pakistan-136 million
• India- 103 million
• Iran- 61 million
• US- 1 million

7
IslamCustoms, Traditions, Common Ideas

• Islam is divided into two major branches The
  Sunnis the Shiites
• The two branches came after Muhammads death in
  632 CE when Islam followers disagreed over who
  should lead the Islamic faith.
• Sunnis represent the majority of Muslims
  however, many Shiites are the majority in some
  Muslim countries such as Iraq and Iran.

8
IslamCustoms, Traditions, Common Ideas

• Muslims are expected to follow the
• Five Pillars of Islam. Pillars are
• religious laws that are the foundation of
• Islam. According to the Pillars, believers are
  to
• Repeat the words , There is no God, but Allah,
  and Muhammad is his messenger.

9
IslamCustoms, Traditions, Common Ideas

• Pray 5 times a day, facing the holy mosque of
  Kabah in Mecca.
• Give alms, or charity, to the poor and
• Muslims in need.
• Fast from sunrise to sunset during the
• holy month of Ramadan.

10
IslamCustoms, Traditions, Common Ideas

• Make a hajj or a religious pilgrimage to Mecca at
  least once if they are able. The hajj is a symbol
  of unity and equality among Muslims.

11
IslamSacred Places and Symbols

• Mecca City in Saudi Arabia where Mohammad began
  to spread the word of Islam. It is the spiritual
  center of Islam.
• Kabah A large rectangular mosque in Mecca.
  When Muslims pray, they must face in this
  direction as a point of unity for the entire
  Muslim community.

12
IslamSacred Places and Symbols

• Below is a picture of Kabah

13
Islam

• Notes/Questions