Federalism

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Chapter 3

• Federalism

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Three Systems of Government

• Unitary strong central government local
  government only have powers given to them by
  central government
• Confederal strong state governments central
  government only has powers given to it by states
• Federal power is divided between central
  government and states each has their own sphere
  of influence

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The Unitary System
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Constitutional Clauses Concerning Interstate
Relations

• Full Faith and Credit Clause
• Privileges and Immunities Clause
• Extradition Clause

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Defining Constitutional Powers

• McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)established the
  implied powers of the national government and the
  idea of national supremacy
• (from the necessary and proper clause)
• (from the supremacy clause)
• Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) established that the
  power to regulate interstate commerce was an
  exclusive national power
• (from the commerce clause)

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The Reassertion of States Rights and the Civil
War

• Nullification the idea that states could
  declare a national law null and void
• Secession the withdrawal of a state from a
  union

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The Continuing Dispute over the Division of Power

• Dual Federalism the national and state
  governments as equal sovereign powers
• Cooperative Federalism the idea that states and
  the national government should cooperate to solve
  problems

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For wrongdoers, the amount of time spent in
prison often depends as much on where the crime
was committed as on the crime itself.