United States

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United States

• ED 417-01
• CRISTA BANBURY
• WENDY BUDDO
• MELISSA CRAFT

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United States

• Grade 3
• UNIT Underground railroad

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Objectives

• Students will. . .
• Track an underground railroad route
• Write a secret song
• Take a field trip
• Create a classroom quilt
• Predict and assess predictions of Harriet Tubman
  book by Chatherine Nichols

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Materials

• Harriet Tubman book
• Paper
• Pencil
• Crayons
• Markers
• Classroom wall map of United States
• Felt
• Glue

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Websites

• Springboro Historical Society
• http//www.shakerwssg.org/olde_springboro_villag
  e_ohio.htm
• National Geographic
• http//www.nationalgeographic.com/railroad/j1.htm
  l
• Cincinnati Freedom Center http//www.undergroundra
  ilroad.org
• PBS http//www.pbs.org
• History of the Drinking Gourd
• http//www2.lhric.org/pocantico/tubman/gourd1.htm
  l

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Childrens Books

• Almost To Freedom
• By Vaunda Micheaux Nelson
• Who Was Harriet Tubman
• By Yona Zeldis McDonough
• Harriet Tubman
• By Catherine Nochols
• 27 Stations to Libertyville
• By Don Ross
• Scions, Sages, Saints and Soldiers Significant
  Pioneers in Springboro
• By Don Ross

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Childrens Books

• A Taste of History Cookbook
• By Springboro Area Historical Society
• Walking the Road to Freedom
• By Jeri Feris
• Learning About Bravery from the Life of Harriet
  Tubman
• By Kiki Mosher
• Minty
• By Alan Schroeder
• The Underground Railroad Journey to Freedom
• By Carla Williams

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Underground RailroadWhat is it?

• The underground railroad was a network of people
  who helped slaves escape to the North and Canada.
• It was ran by many individuals, both white and
  black.
• Hundreds of slaves escaped each year.

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Underground Railroad Timeline

• 1500s- People from Africa were brought to North
  America as slaves.
• 1700s- slaves were described as property in many
  states (predominately southern states)
• 1776- Declaration of Independence signed.
• Early 1800s- importing of slaves banned.
  However, smuggling still occurs.

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Timeline

• 1800s- many slaves escaping from south to
  northern states and Canada.
• 1860s- slavery outlawed in America.

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Communication

• STARS SONGS
• The north star was a guide to the north, as well
  as a freedom symbol
• The drinking gourd was used by slaves as a code
  for the Big Dipper. The Big Dippers bowl
  pointed to the Little Dipper which contained the
  North star.
• Drum beats were also used to communicate until
  the slave owners had the drums outlawed.

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Communication

• QUILTS
• Quilts were used to indicate locations of safe
  houses, show escape routes, and to convey other
  information vital to escape survive.
• The information on the quilts were conveyed by
  patterns and symbols (ex. A monkey wrench quilt
  indicated a home belonging to an individual who
  might be a tool in the underground railroad.
• The quilts were hung on fence posts, windows, or
  anywhere they could be seen.
• Candles and lamps were also used to show if a
  house was safe. The candles or lamps would be
  hung or place in certain windows.

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Roles of PersonsSecrets of the Underground
Railroad

• What were the secret names for people who took
  part in the Underground Railroad?
• Stations- homes where slaves could hide.
• Conductors- people who helped guide the slaves
  who were escaping
• Agents- people who offered clothes, food, and
  shelter to slaves.
• Passengers- the escaping slaves.

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Activity 1 Compose your own secret song!

• Try composing lyrics of your own that tells a
  story or gives instruction. Some ideas
• Tell your friend where to meet how to get there,
  what will be doing.
• Tell your parents what you want for dinner, where
  you want to eat and what time.

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The Drinking Gourd

• Follow the drinking gourd!
• Follow the drinking gourd!
• For the old man is awaiting for to carry you to
  freedom, if you follow the drinking gourd.
• When the sun comes back, and the first quail
  calls,
• Follow the drinking gourd.
• For the old man is awaiting for to carry you to
  freedom, if you follow the drinking gourd.
  (Chorus)
• Verse 1
• The riverbank makes a very good road,
• The dead trees will show you the way,
• Left foot, peg foot, traveling on,
• Follow the drinking gourd.
• Chorus

• Verse 2
• The river ends between two hills,
• Follow the drinking gourd.
• Theres another river on the other side.
• Chorus
• Verse 3
• When the great big river meets the little river,
• Follow the drinking gourd.
• For the old man is awaiting for to carry you to
  freedom,
• If you follow the drinking gourd.
• Chorus

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Activity 2Make a class freedom quilt

• Each student will design a square for the class
  freedom quilt. The square will have something to
  do with the underground railroad.
• After the students are done designing their
  square, the teacher and parent volunteers will
  help them make their square with fabric
• Afterwards, the teacher will sew all square
  together to create a class freedom quilt.

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Activity 3Read Harriet Tubman BY Catherine
Nichols

• Before reading
• Look at the cover and take a picture walk. The
  children will predict what the story is about.
• During reading
• Ask questions about Harriet and Minty. How did
  they feel about being a slave.
• After reading
• Check predictions with children.
• Talk about the story, did the children like the
  story. What was their favorite part.

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Activity 4Field Trip

• Take a field trip to explore the Underground
  Railroad hands on at the Springboro Historical
  Society.

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Activity 5Mapping

• In small groups, map out an Underground Railroad
  route on classroom wall map.
• Make sure there are safe houses along the route
• Afterwards, estimate the distance of your route.
• When each group is finished, the teacher will
  lead a discussion of the hardships fugitive
  slaves would experience, which season would the
  be optimum in fleeing.

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Mapping Activity (example)